94 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



on Palmer hill, but most are much thinner. They have little effect 

 upon the ore and except where accompanied by faulting which is 

 rare they do not materially interfere with mining operations. From 

 the few examples that have been examined petrographically, they 

 appear to be all ordinary diabases. 



Arnold hill mines 



The mines on Arnold hill comprise several separate openings 

 located along the southern shoulder of the ridge. The ore bodies 

 outcrop in parallel series or en echelon with a general trend of n. 20 

 e. Altogether they have been explored for a mile and a half along 

 the strike, though of course not continuously. Beginning at the 

 south end, the first opening, known as the Finch pit, lies at about 

 the 850 foot contour. Next in order to the north after a short 

 interval are several open cuts, parallel but at slightly different 

 horizons, extending perhaps 500 feet. They have long since ceased 

 to be productive. The Arnold or Big mine, with three ore bodies, 

 is about 1000 feet farther north, and at about an equal distance 

 from the Arnold is the Nelson Bush mine with its two shafts, the 

 last to be worked. The small Chalifou pit lies to the south and east 

 of the main group. 



According to local records the earliest discovery on Arnold hill 

 was made in 1806. Mining was begun on a small scale shortly after 

 that date, and in 181 2 the property was purchased by Arnold, 

 Stickney & Howe who continued in possession for over 50 years. 

 Up to the time of Emmons's report (1842) exploitation was con- 

 fined to the southern deposits which he states were then being 

 worked under lease. The mines have been intermittently active dur- 

 ing the last half century. The most recent undertaking, the Arnold 

 Mining Co., reopened the Nelson Bush mine, working it for a period 

 of three years. A mill of 200 tons daily capacity was erected at 

 Arnold Station (Ferrona on the map) and new mining equipment 

 installed. The company ceased operations in the summer of 1906. 



Geological relations. The deposits outcrop as rather thin bands 

 intercalated in the gneiss parallel to its foliation. Their dip is 

 toward the west and steep generally 70 or a little more. Their 

 shape which is tabular has been modified by compression, produc- 

 ing undulations and pinches both along the strike and dip ; on the 

 north end the irregularities seem to be more pronounced than else- 

 where and the lenticular form is the characteristic one. 



The deposits have been subjected to faulting on a small scale. 

 The direction of movement is across the strike, with the result that 



