ADIRONDACK MAGNETIC IRON ORES 155 



limits indicated in the last analyses, there would appear to be no 

 difficulty in the way of preparing concentrates with an average of 

 8 or 10 per cent Ti0 2 . The loss of iron in the tailings is the only 

 drawback to concentration, but in the case of immense deposits 

 like those at Lake Sanford which can be worked very cheaply this 

 could hardly be critical. 



The electric furnace has been suggested for titaniferous ores, yet 

 the expense of making iron by this method must operate against 

 its extended use so long as coke is available at anything like pres- 

 ent prices. The open-hearth method of steel manufacture seems 

 to offer a field that is worthy of investigation. Crude ores are 

 employed now quite largely in the process instead of scrap metal. 

 From what can be learned it appears that the use of titaniferous 

 ores for that purpose has not been experimented with to any extent. 



LAKE SANFORD DEPOSITS 



This group of ore bodies, undoubtedly the most important of 

 the kind in the Adirondacks, is situated in Newcomb township, 

 western Essex county, on the slope of the rugged mountain complex 

 that has Mt Marcy as its central and culminating point. Lake 

 Sanford is the largest of several lakes in the vicinity which form the 

 head waters of the Hudson. The site of the former Adirondack 

 village (now occupied by the Tahawus Club) which was built by the 

 early iron workers, lies in the midst of a wild, heavily forested 

 region, shut in by high elevations on all sides except the south 

 where the river has worn a narrow valley. North Creek, the 

 terminus of the Adirondack branch of the Delaware & Hudson 

 Railroad is about 30 miles distant by wagon road, and Port Henry 

 on Lake Champlain about 50 miles. The ore bodies outcrop at 

 elevations ranging from 1800 to about 2100 feet above sea level. 

 Their distribution is indicated on the accompanying map which 

 reproduces a part of the Santanoni quadrangle of the United States 

 Geological Survey [pi. 1 5]. The scale of the map is 1 mile to the inch. 



Unusual interest attaches to the events connected with the first 

 development of the Lake Sanford deposits and the establishment 

 of the local iron-making enterprise to utilize the ores. 1 Following 



1 A good historical account of the discovery and exploitation of the deposits 

 will be found in Watson's " History of Essex County." The reports by 

 Emmons contain a description of developments up to 1840. For details 

 as to the blast furnaces and metallurgical operations consult Rossi, " Titan- 

 iferous Ores in the Blast Furnace." Am. Inst. Min. Eng. Trans, v. XXI- 

 1892-93. 



