376 NOTICES OF BOOKS. 
parative importance, are the following : whether gynandrosporous or 
idianodrosporous ; whether the oogonia are single or several together ; 
the form of the were the for oe apes and pote of the 
chats cters (form, position, &c.) or the Shar epeeivias (in eyuati 
nannandrous aperiee) ; in Bulbochete whether the oogonia are erect 
or potent or both; form and size of terminal and vegetative cells ; 
general dimensions, aspect, and habit. 
Such is an abstract of the most important communication (after 
Prof. Pringsheim’s) a published on this very interesting group, 
composed indeed of but two allied but rou ee enera, the 
species of which are wonderfully numerous, yet marvellously sharply 
marked off, considering the Soriatative simplicity of structure by 
which they are characterised. 
Wm. ArcHer. 
Observations aur le calice des Composées. Une Anticritique. Par M. 
amsée Lunn, Cand. Phil. Copenhague. 1874. (Extrait des 
‘* Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra naturhistorisk Forening 1 
Kjobenhavn.” Aargang 1873. 
In this paper M. Samsve Lund replies chiefly to the rene of 
_M. Warming made in a critical notice of a former M. 
Lund’s—*‘ Le ealice des Conpoused essai sur et du ddr ckipberiont 
dans le régne végétal,” and already noticed in the “Journal of 
Botany.”* M. Lund maintains i the ‘‘ pappus ” of the Composite is 
a true calyx, while M. Warm ing states that the pappusis a series 
of trichomes or hairs. The mein ropositions of M. Lund are, as 
follow. Ist. The pappus occupies the position of a fees extern’ 
rom an examination of le aad portions of the pappus of 
Cirsium arvense M. Lund concludes that the parts of the pappus possess 
the general characters of the es of phanerogams, and also 
agree in their nature with the ‘nian forming the involucre of the 
plant. 3. Position and number of the parts of the pappus. In 
Gaillardia rustica and Catananche cerulea the pappus consists of a re- 
pe 
scabiosa has 25 parts in several verticils. Sonchus 1 verticil of 15 
parts, Centaurea Jacea, one verticil of 10 parts. Verticils of from 
2 tu 4 parts also occur. Bidens tripartita has 2 ees. “ big Le 
placed ‘right and left. Helianthus annuus and Act 2 parts 
placed anteriorly and posteriorly, M. Lund holds that in ge great 
* Journ. Bot,, 1873, p. 184, 
