The : 
DIVISION I. 
1. Strawberry Cinquefoil. 
Pentaphylloides fragiferum. 
The root is large, redifh, and woody. It is 
divided at the top into feveral heads, and has a 
few fibres. 
The footftalks of the leaves are four inches 
long, tender, and hairy. The leayes on each 
are five or feven. Three larger ftand at the ex- 
tremity, and are broad, oblong, hairy, ferrated, 
and not unlike thofe of ftrawberry, but lefs. Be- 
low thefe there are two or four fmaller; fo that 
the whole leaf is of the winged kind, not fingered 
as in the right cinguefoils. : 
The ftalk is round, firm, ereét, and two feet 
and ahalf high. It is hairy, and divided at the 
top into branches. 
The leaves on this are few, and placed irregu- 
larly. They confift ufually of five leaves on the 
under part, and only three higher up. Some- 
thing like this is feen alfo in the right cinquefoils, 
in which, though the radical leaves have always 
five, thefe have in fome fpecies only three di- 
vifions. Thefe leaves are of the fhape of the 
others, but fmaller. 
The flowers are numerous, large, and white. 
They ftand at the tops of the branches, and are 
fucceeded each by a head or clufter of feeds, in 
fome degree refembling a ftrawberry. 
It grows wild in Wales, and fcarce’ elfewhere 
in Britain. It flowers in May and June. 
J. Bauhine calls it Pentaphyllum erettum, and 
C. Bauhine Quinquefolium fraguferum. 
2. Purple Marfh-Cinquefoil. 
Pentaphyllum palujtre rubrum: 
The root is long, blackifh, and woody. It 
fpreads a great way under the ground, and fends 
out many large fibres, which are white or redith. 
The foot{talks of the leaves are three or fout 
inches long. On each ftand five or feven leaves 
in two or three pairs, with an odd one at the 
end. Thefe are oblong, narrow, and fharply 
Yerrated. ‘Their colour is a bluifh green on the 
upper fide, and whitifh underneath. 
The ftalks are a foot and a half long; but weak, 
and not very upright. They are often redifh, 
and are in part covered with a kind of fcabbards 
from the leaves. 
The leaves ftand alternately on them: they 
ufually have only two pairs of wings, and an odd 
one ; and are in fhape and colour like the others. 
The flowers ftand at the tops of the branches, 
and are large and beautiful, but of a fingu- 
lar ftruéture, There are five, broad, and 
pointed fegments of the cup, which are purple 
within, and themfelves refemble a flower. In 
thefe there ftand five proper petals of the 
flower, which are alfo of a deep purple; but 
they are fmall, and the leaves of the cup are 
much more confpicuous. In the centre there is 
a clufter of purple threads. 
When the flower is fallen, there comes a 
button or head of feeds, in form refembling a 
{mall ftrawberry. 
. It grows in muddy places in the north of Eng- 
land, but not frequently. Some plants of this 
NS: : 
’ 
BRITISH 
-of the ftalks ; sand they are large 
SPECIES, ioe 
have Beet fet in one of the bogs on Hampftead 
‘heath; but they do not thrive, 
It flowers in June. ‘ ; 
C. Bauhine calls it Quinquefolinm paluftre rus 
brum. J. Bauhine, 
flore rubro. 
3. Thick-leaved marth Cinguefoil. 
Pentaphyllum palustre rubrum craffis foliis. 
The root is flender, long, and {preading, blaclé 
on the outfide, and reddith within. 
The leaves that rife from it are very like thofe of 
the laft defcribed {pecies ; but they grow with lefs 
regularity. Ufually there are three pairs on a 
ftalk, with an odd one at the end ; fometimes only 
two pairs, and not unfrequently there rifes a ingle 
one near the place where the footftalk adheres to 
the root. Thefe footftalks are weak and hairy, 
and the leaves thick and flefhy ; fo that they are 
well fupported. ‘They are of a pale green, and 
are much more haity than thofe of the former 3 
though in thefe it is but moderate. 
The ftalks are low, weak, and fhort, round, 
and ufually redifh toward the bottom. 
The leaves on them are fmall, and in fhape and 
colour like the divifions of the others, and ftand 
in an uncertain number and irregular manner. 
The flowers ftand at the tops of their divifions, 
which being fmall and weak are fcarce able to 
fupport them. They are large, and of a deep 
purple, with a clufter of threads in the middle. 
The feeds ripen after in’a little clufter. 
Tt is common in Ireland, and in the notth of 
England, as about Carlifle, and in fome parts of 
Vorbihine It flowers in July. : 
Plukenet calls it Pentaphylloides paluftre rubrum 
craffis & villofis foliis fuccicm  Hibernicum. 
4. Shrubby Cinquefoil. 
Pentaphylloides fruticofum 
The root is compofed of a fmall head, with a 
ee 
Pentaphyllum Ae ha 
BRITISH HERBAL a 
large number of thick fibres, and fpreads greatly. 
The ftalk is round, firm, upright, woody, 
and of a brown colour; and towards the top it 
divides into feveral branclies. 
The leaves ftand on fhort footftalks, rifing al- 
ternately from different fides of the main ftalk. 
They are oblong, and of a pale green on the up- 
per-fide, and fmooth; on the under-fide they: 
ate whitifh and woolly. Seven of tliefe gene- 
rally ftand on each footftalk, and they are di- 
vided as it were into four and three. Sometimes 
there are only five. 
The flowers grow on the tops of the divifions 
and yellow. 
They confift each of five leaves, with a tuft of 
threads in the middle. 
They quickly fall off, and the feeds follow in 
a fmall button; but nature has lefs regard to the 
ripening of thefe, becaufe the plant is well pro- 
pagated by the root. 
The ftalk of this plant throws off its bark fre- 
quently, fo that it is commonly ragged. 
It isa native of the northern parts of Hag- 
Jand, and flowers in June and July. About 
Thorpe and Eggleftone abbey in Yorkfhire it is 
common. 
Ray calls it Pentapkylloides Sruticofum. 
Cc DI 
« 
