108 
Th BRITISH HERB Aik. 
Dla S-12OgN ec. 
Butterwort with a fhort fpur. 
Pinguicula calcari breviffimo. 
The root confifts- of numerous fibres, rifing 
from a {mall head: they are redifh, thick, and 
irregular, and fpread under the furface. 
The leaves rife in a thick clufter, ten or twelve 
together. 
They are long, and have no footftalks : they 
FOREIGN 
SPECTES. 
The ftalks ate flender, naked, and three inches 
high. ‘ 
The flowers ftand fingly, one on each, and 
they are-fmall and white, and have a very fhort 
fpur. 
The feed-veffel is.oval and large. 
It is frequent on the mountains in Germany, 
and flowers in June. 
Ray calls it Pinguicula flore albo minore calcart 
breviffimo. 
are broadeft near the bafe, narrower at the point, 
and of a pale green colour and flefhy fubftance. 
BOON” sarees sok 
T O'AD F'L AX. 
LINARIA. 
G 
rpHe flower confifts of a fingle petal, and has a labiated afpect : 
with a {pur and a pair‘of lips, the fpace (hut between them. The upper lip is divided into 
two parts, and turned back at the fides : the lower lipis divided into three parts, and is obtufe ; and 
the piece which fhuts up the {pace between the lips, and may be called the palate, is convex: this 
rifes from the lower lip. Zhe cup is formed of a fingle leaf divided into five fegments, and re- 
mains when: the flower is fallen. ‘The feed-veffel is roundifh, plain, and, when ripe, divided in a 
regular manner. 
Linneus places this among his didynamia angiofpermia , feparating it eleven claffes from the pin- 
to which it is fo evidently allied. 
That plant, becaufe there are only two threads in each flower, he places among the diandria. 
This has its rank with the didynamia ; becaufe it has in each flower four threads, two of which 
are longer, and two fhorter: it comes under the diftin&tion’ of . anigio/permia, becaufe its feeds are 
contained in.a capfule; thofe of the other divifion of that clafs ftanding naked in the cup. 
Linnzus. does not allow Jinaria to conftitute a diftinét genus in this clafs; but, taking away the 
anticnt and received’ name, he makes it a fpecies of amtirrhinum, calling all the kinds of toadflax 
fpecies of fnapdragon. : 
Antirrbinum and linaria agree, indeed, as plants of the fame clafs; each having a flower confifting 
of a fingle petal; each a capfule for the feeds, and each, to follow this moft ingenious author’s more 
minute refearches, four threads; two longer, and two fhorter. 
This brings them all into the fame clafs; but there is diftinétion enough between them to keep 
them in feparate genera; and this is the more needful to be obferved, becaufe the fpecies of each are 
numerous, and the joining them all under one generical name would create difficulty, if it did not 
introduce. contufion. : : 
The difference between toadflax and fnapdragon is this: the flower of toadflax has a long and fharp 
fpur, and the capfule of the feeds is plain, regular in fhape, and divides regularly when ripe; on 
‘the contrary, the Rower of-fnapdragon has no fpur, and the capfule is irregularly and fingularly 
conftruéted at the bottom, and opens unequally. 
This is a very fufficient diftinétion of the genera: Linnaus knew this, for he has mentioned its 
and if he had ‘not, there would be no doubt of his having obferved it; becaufe no author has ex- 
amined the ftruéture of flowers fo accurately, or underftood their feveral parts fo well. His faults 
ave not thofe of omiffion : his misfortune, and that of the world, has been that, having formed a 
fyftem, which did him credit by its novelty, he would not depart from it in favour of even his own 
obfervations. : . 
This author has not only thus joined the dizaria and antirrbinum in one genus, but he comprehends 
under the fame charaéter and name alfo, the cymbalaria and elatine; plants which we fhall fhew in the 
facceeding genera to be fufficiently diftinét, and well entitled to their feparate names. 
it is formed into an oblong tube, 
guicula, 
DIVE SiOgN. BIR PT WS HeaSePabsCok E.S. 
1. Common Toadflax. The firft leaves are fmall, flender, pointed, 
and of a yellowifh green: the ftalk foon grows 
up amongft thefe, and they immediately fade. 
The ftalk is round, firm, upright, and two 
foot high. 
Linaria vulgaris. 
The root is long, flender, whitifh, hard, and_ 
> furnifhed with a few fibres. 
It 
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