122 
Tho BRITISH HERBAL. 
Ge 
NY U's 
Xi. ee) 
EYEBRIGHT. 
EUPHR ASI 4. 
HIE flower confifts of a fingle petal, and approaches very much to the labiated thape: it is 
formed into a tube and two lips 5 
dented; the lower lip is divid 
is compofed of a fingle piece, 
and compreffed. 
Linnus places this among 
the tube is fhort and plain: the upper lip is hollow and in- 
ed into three fegments, and thefe are equal in fize, and obtufe : the cup 
divided into four unequal fegments; and the feed-vefiel is oblong, oval, 
his didynamia angiofpermia s the flowers having four threads, two longer, 
and two fhorter 5 and the feeds being contained in a capfule. 
DIVISION I. 
rt. Common Eyebright. 
Euphrafia vulgaris. 
‘The root is long, white, flender, and fur- 
nifhed with numerous fibres. 
The ftalk is round, firm, erect, of a deep 
green, very much ‘branched, and eight inches 
high. 
The leaves ate placed in pairs, and they have 
no footftalks: they ftand very thick, and they 
are fhort, broad, deeply ferrated, and of a very 
dark green, but of a bright and flefhy furface. 
The flowers are large, and white, variegated 
with a few dots: they ftand in the bofoms of the 
leaves, principally toward the tops of the ftalks, 
and are very.pretty ; their bright whitenefs, and 
the deep green of the reft of the plant, making 
a pretty contraft to one another. 
The feed-veflel is oblong, and the feeds are 
very final. 
It is common in our hilly meadows, and 
flowers in Auguft, 
C. Bauhine calls it Euphrafia officinarum. O- 
thers, Eupbrafia vulgaris, or, fimply, Eupbrofia. 
Eyebright is famous’ againft diforders of the 
eyes. 
_ In common inflammations of the eyes the cuf- 
ftom is to ufe the freth exprefled juice by way of 
acollyrium, wathing them twice a day with it, 
and wearing a piece of filk over them, 
In worfe diforders the whole herb, dried and 
powdered, and taken for many months, half a 
dram twice a day, is recorded to have done great 
fervice. There are accounts that feem well at- 
tefted of people reftored to fight by it. The 
diftilled water is recommended by fome for the\ 
fame purpofes, but that has little virtue, 
2. Purple Eyebright. f 
Eupbrafia flore rubro. 
The root is fhort, crooked, woody, whitith, 
and furnifhed with a few fibres, 
The ftalk is round, firm, upright, of a 
purplith colour, confiderably branched, and eight 
or ten inches high. 
The leaves ftand in pairs, and are very fre- 
quent upon the ftalk, except toward the bottom, 
where for three inches it is generally naked: 
they are longifh, narrow, flarply ferrated at the 
BOR TiteS) Ha oS uP sb -C 1oBss. 
Jf 
edges, and pointed’ at the ends: they havé no 
foot(talks, and are at firft of a brownifh green 
colour, and afterwards brownifh or redifh, with 
very little green: the whole plant, when it hag .- 
ftood fome time, frequently becomes purple... ~~ 
The flowers are fmall, and of a dufky red: 
they are very numerous, and ftand in the bo- 
foms of the leaves all the way up the ftalk. 
The feed-veffel is oblong, and larger at one 
end than the other: the feeds are very {mall and 
brown. 
It is frequent in dry paftures, and on barren 
and heathy ground, It flowers in July. 
C. Bauhine calls it Euphrafia pratenfis rubra, 
J. Bauhine, Eupbhrafia parvo purpurea; and the 
common writers, Crateogonon eupbrofine; fup- 
pofing fome refemblance in it to the cow-wheat, 
to be hereafter defcribed : It is alfo called in Eng- 
lifh, Eycbright cow-wheat. 
3. Short-leaved Eyebright. 
Euphrafia foliis brevibus. 
The root is long, flender, and furnifhed with 
numerous fibres. 
The ftalk is round; upright, and hard, but 
brittle: it is very much branched, and eight or 
ten inches high, of a purplifh colour ufually, 
fometimes of a pale green, and a little hairy. 
The leaves are placed in pairs, and have no 
footftalks: they are broad, fhort, and indented 
fharply at the edges: their colour is an ath ot 
ereyifh green, but they have a glofly fubftance 
like thofe of the common eyebright. ; 
The flowers are f{mall, and of a deep purple : 
they grow from the bofoms of the leaves all the 
way up the ftalks from the middle to the top, 
The feed-veflels are oblong, and largeft at the 
bafe; and the feeds are large and whitifh. 
It is a native of our northern counties, but 
is not common, 
C. Bauhine calls it Teucrinm alp 
puro cerulea, 
vibus obtufs. 
inn coma pur- 
Ray, Eupbrafia rubra, Solis bres 
4- Great-leaved Eyebright. 
Euphrafia major latifolia, 
_The root is long, fender, white, and’ fur- 
nifhed with a few fibres, 
The ftalk is round, upright, firm, and a foot 
high : 
