The .BRE Dd SiH if ER BIA 
Our people are not fufficiently acquainted with 
their virtues, for they are only kept in the form 
of a fyrup in the fhops ; and that way cannot be 
given in a proper dofe, becaufe of the quantity of 
fugar. A ftrong tinéture may be drawn from 
them in wine, which will better anfwer the pur- 
pole, } 
The family-medicine called red furfeit-water is 
a tinéture of thefe flowers in fpirit, with {pices, 
and other ingredients, and is much preferable to 
the fhop form of a fyrup. 
The heads of the garden poppy, or white poppy 
cultivated, are gently foporifick, and excellent 
againft pain. What is called fyrup of diacodium 
is a very (rong decoétion of thefe heads boiled 
up with fugar; and it contains fo much virtue, 
that half an.ounce is an effective dofe. 
Opium is obtained by wounding and preffing 
the heads of the fame fpecies, cultivated in the | 
fame manner in Turkey, and has the greateft vir-, 
tues: itis the moft powerful of almoft any known N 
vegetable fimple. : 
It is fovereign again{t pain ; it promotes fweat, 
and caufes fleep. A very fimall dofe is fufficient, 
and a larger is dangerous, : 
Laudanum is a tinéture of opium, and is more 
ufed than thé fubftance; but either fhould be 
given with great care, and rarely without the ad- 
vice of a phyfician, 
There are fome who accuftom themfelves to 
take opium conitantly ; and, beginning with {mal] 
dofes, they habituate their conftitutions to the 
medicine, till they can take fuch as are aftonifh- 
ing. To thefe it (erves as a cordial, enlivening 
their fpirits like wine, or any other ftrong li- 
quor. ‘This is a general cuftom in the Eaft. 
As the three {pecies already defcribed are the 
principal of the poppy kind in virtue, we have 
given their ufes here; and fhall now proceed to 
the account of the feveral other {pecies called by 
different names, though certainly and plainly of 
this kind, 
4. Round rough-headed Poppy. 
Papaver capitulo rotundo bifpido, 
‘The root is long, flender, and white, and has 
a few fibres. 
The firft leaves are numerous, and beautifully 
divided into fegments: they have long footftalks, 
and are of a pale green, and confiderably hairy : 
they are doubly pianated, as it were, each con- 
fifting of feveral pairs of pinna: on a middle rib, 
and each of thofe pinna: being jagged fo deeply on 
each fide, that it appears pinnated again, 
The ftalk rifes in the midft of this tuft, and is 
round, hairy, upright, branched, and a foot and 
a half high, 
The leaves are numerous, and ftand irregu- 
larly ; they are of the fame form with thofe from 
the root, .but fmaller. 
The flowers are {mall in comparifon of the pre- 
ceding kinds, otherwife not little in proportion to 
the plant: they are of a bright red, and confift 
each of four oval petals, with numerous threads. 
The feed-veffel is roundifh, and very rough, 
being fet all over with a kind of briftly hairs: 
the feeds are ‘numerous, finall, roundifh, and 
black. 
143 
Tt is common in corn fields in many parts of 
England, and flowers in July: 
C.Bauhine calls it A-gemone capitulo breviore, 
Others, Argemone vulgaris, 
{ 
5. Long rough-headed Poppy. 
Papaver capitulo bifpido longiore. 
The root is long, flender, white, ufually undi- 
vided, and furnifhed with a few fibres. 
The firft leaves rife in a clufter: they are of a 
pale green, and hairy, and have fhort footftalks ¢ 
they are deeply divided in the pinnated manner 3 
fo that they feem compofed of feveral pairs of 
pinne, or fmaller leaves, placed on a rib, with 
an odd one at the end; but they are in reality 
only fo many fegments, 
The ftalks are numerous, round, firm, very 
much branched, and a foot high. ? 
The leaves on them are few: they ftand irre- 
maller. 
The flowers ftand at the tops of the branches, 
and are fmall, but of a beautiful {carlet colour, 
with black buttons. : 
The heads are long, and covered with a kind 
of foft prickles. 
corn fields, and on ditch-banks, and flowers in 
June. The flowers very quickly fade and fall 
off in this and the preceding fpecies, 
C. Bauhine calls it Argemone capitilo longiore ; 
and others follow him, : 
6. Long fmooth-headed yellow Poppy. 
Papaver capitulo longiore glabro flore Luteo, 
The root is long, flender, white, divided, and 
full of fibres, ues i 
The firft leaves rife in a clufter; and ate 
large, and have long footftalks: they are pro- 
perly of the pinnated kind, and very beautiful, 
ch is comipofed of three or four pairs of pinnz, 
or fmaller leaves, fet on a middle rib, with an 
odd one at the end. ‘ 
The ftalks rife in Yhe centre of this tuft 3 and 
they are round, upright, weak, anda little hairy. 
Their leaves are few: and they ftand irregularly, 
and are like thofe from the root, but fmaller, 
The flowers ftand at the tops of the ftalks, and 
are large and yellow. 
The feed-veflel is long, ribbed, and fmooth : 
the feeds are firiall and numerous. 
rocks, and about the borders of rivulets, 
; % : ; 
C. Bauhine calls it Papaver erraticum Jaciniq~ 
tum flore flavo. Others, Argemone lutea Cambroa 
Britannica, g 
». Long, fmall-headed red Poppy. 
Papaver capitulo longiore glabro flore rubro, 
The root is long, flender, white, and hung 
with many fibres. 
The firft leaves are numerous, long, narrow, 
and deeply jagged; fo that they in fome degree 
reprefent the pinnated kind. 
The ftalk rifes in the centre of thefe, and is 
2 round» 
igual, and are like thofe from the root, bue’ 
It is common in many parts of England in ° 
It is frequent in Wales wild, upon the moift © 
