234 The 
BRIT 18 H H'E RB ATL, 
Thefe two plants are the only natives of our 
country ; the firft is the mother plant of all that 
variety of walls in our gardens; and the latter 
of fome of the /focks: thus our people abbre- 
viate the proper expreffions of the kinds. The 
latter is plainly of the ftock Julyflower, or, as 
it is vulgarly exprefled, the tock kind, 
Great virtues have been attributed to the /ez- 
DIVISION. IL 
1. Square-podded Wallflower. 
Leucoium filiquis quadratis. 
The root is long, thick, and furnifhed with 
numerous fibres. 
The firft leaves rife in a large tuft, and are 
long, narrow, of a faint green, and without 
foorftalks. 
The ftalk is firm, upright, fingle, and fearce 
at all branched, and is of a-pale colour, and a 
foot and half high. : 
The leaves are numerous; they are long, nar- 
row, hojlowed, and have ufually a dented edge: 
they are fharp-pointed, undivided at the edges, 
and of a pale green. 
The flowers are yellow and fragrant, like thofe 
of the common wallflower, but {maller. 
The feed veffels are fquare, and the feeds are 
rounded and flat. 
It is frequent on barren grounds in France and 
Italy ; and flowers early in fummer. 
C. Bauhine calls it Leucoium luteum fylveftre 
angufiifolium. Others, Leuccium fylveftre. Our 
gardeners, the Upright wallflower. 
2. Common Stock Julyflower. 
Leucoium incanum vulgare. 
The root is large and fpreading. 
The ftalk, or, as it may be better termed, the 
main ftem, is round, thick, white, naked for a 
confiderable height, and from thence upwards 
divided into numerous branches, and crowded 
with leaves. The plant grows to two feet or more 
in height, and has the afpeét of a little fhrub, 
The leaves ftand irregularly on it: they are 
numerous, long, narrow, and hoary ; of a pale 
greyith green, foft to the touch, not at all’ 
divided at the edges, and blunt at the points, 
The flowers ftand in a kind of {pike at the tops 
of the ftalks, and are large and handfome: their 
natural colour is a-deep purple, and they are 
fometimes white. 
The feed-veffel is flatted, and as it were cut 
off at the top: the feeds are {mall and flatted. 
It is a native of Spain, and thence brought 
into our gardens, where, in this natural ftate, it 
is called the flock Fulyfower, or fingle frock. Cul- 
ture doubles ftripes, and enlarges the flowers ; 
iand in thefe feveral appearances it is defcribed by 
fome, too attentive to frivolous diftinGtions, un- 
_der the names of fo many diftin& fpecies.. 
As the common Englifh wallflower is the origin 
- of all the wal/s of our gardens, this Spanith kind 
is the fource from whence induftrious art has 
produced all the double, and otherwife varied 
hacks. 
é 4 
FO 
coium; but they are at prefent not much re. 
garded. ‘The flowers are celebrated againft dif- 
orders of the head and nerves, and not without 
fome foundation in truth. <A conferve of them 
is the beft method of taking them. 
The tops of the plant are faid to be promoters 
of the menfes ; and the feeds have been recom- 
mended in paralitick cafes. The common wig 
wallflower is bett. s 
REEGNSDSPECIES. 
C. Bauhine calls this Leucoium incang folie 
hortenfe. Wobel, Viola alba. 
3. Little Stock with dentated leaves, 
Leucoium minus dentatis foliis. 
The root is compofed of a few fibres. 
The ftalk is flender, upright, of a whitith co- 
lour, and a foot high. 
The leaves are numerous, and placed irregu- 
larly: they are long, narrow, and of a greyifh 
colour, hoary, and foft; and they are dentated 
at the edges. : 
The flowers ftand at the tops of the ftalks in 
a kind of loofe fpikes; and they are fmall, and 
of a pale purple. 
The feed-veffels are long, rounded, and fharp 
at the point. 
The feeds are oval and flat. 
It is a native of the coaft of Spain, and flowers 
in July. 
C. Bauhine calls it Leucoium incanum minus. 
4. Narrow-leaved fea Stock. 
Leucoium maritimum foliis anguftis. 
The root is large and {preading. 
The ftalk is thick, upright, and bufhy; naked 
toward the lower part, but upwards covered with 
leaves: its colour isa greyifh white, and its fub- 
ftance firm. 
The leaves ftand irregularly ; and they. are 
narrow, oblong, and fomewhat finuated at the 
edges: they are foft to the touch, and their co. 
lour is a faint green, with a tinge of bluifh, or 
greyith, : 
The flowers are large, and of a deep unpleaf- 
ing purple: they ftand in a kind of loofe fpike 
at the tops of the ftalks, and have very fhort 
footftalks ; the petals are placed regularly, but 
they are ufually undulated ac the edges, 
The feed-veflels are long and large ; and the 
feeds are large and roundifh, 
It is common about the coafts of Italy, and 
fometimes is feen far from the fea, both there 
and in other warmer parts of Europe. 
C. Bauhine calls it Lewcoium maritimum angufi- 
folium, Boccone, Leuccium minus lavendule 
folio obfoleto fiore. The flowers fometimes are 
white. 
5. Small fea Stock, 
Leucoium purpureum maritimum mings. 
The root is long and thick, and is furnithed 
with many fibres, 
The leaves that rife firft from it are in a thick 
sft: 
