238 
The BRITISH HERBAL. 
perience fhews they rife diftinétly from the fepa- 
rate feeds. 
Ray.calls this Bardarea foliis minoribus et fre- 
quentius finuatis. . Others, Barbarea precox. 
Ray feparates thefe three laft plants from the 
two firft, under the title of eruca fouria ; but as 
the principal diftinétion he gives is in the tafte, 
there was no occafion to treat of them diftinétly. 
He alfo very properly adds to them the plant 
called hedge-muftard, though commonly joined to 
the ery/imums, to which it is lefs like in the pod. 
6. Hedge-Muftard. 
Eruca fyluefris eryimum vulgare diffa. 
The root is long, flender, and furnifhed with 
many fibres. 
The firft leaves are large, numerous, and of a 
faint, but pale green: they are very deeply divided, 
in refemblance of the pinnated form, and are cut 
and jagged alfo on the edges of the fegments. 
The ftalk is round, firm, upright, very much 
branched, of a pale green, very tough, and a 
foot and half high. 
DIVISION 
1. Garden-Rocket. 
Eruca fativa. 
We have often had occafion to complain of the 
improper names given by our Englifh gardeners 
to the plants brought into their care for their ufe 
or beauty. Inthe prefent plant we have a fingu- 
Jar inftance: they know it little, and, when 
they have any acquaintance with it, *tis under the 
name of racket. This is only a depraved way of 
fpeaking the proper word; but that they ufe as 
the name of a plant altogether different, as we 
have fhewn already, The common befperis, or 
dames violet, is what they call rocket. 
The true garden rocket, here to be defcribed, 
is a tall plant, of irregular growth, and no great 
beauty : it got-its place in gardens not as a 
flower, but ufeful plant. 
Gin K.iog Nea Us 
The leaves are placed irregularly on it, and 
refemble thofe. from the root, being deeply’ di- 
vided, in refemblance of the pinnated form, and 
the fegments again notched at their. edges, 
The flowers are fmall and yellow: they ftand 
in little tufts at the tops of the branches, and are 
but of fhort duration, 
The pods are very flender, and ftick clofe to the 
ftalks, 
The feeds are {mall and brown. 
It is common on dry ‘banks, and flowers in 
July. 
C. Bauhine calls it. Zxyfimum vulgare. Ray, 
Eruca hirfuta filiqua caule appreffa 
eryfimum 
aifia. ; 
This {pecies of racket is celebrated againft dit. 
eafes of the lungs. The juice is excellent in 
afthmas, and a fyrup made of it in all oppref- 
fions and ftuffings up of the breaft, as alfo againit 
inyeterate coughs, ‘The other fpecies are of the 
nature of the garden-rocket, celebrated as a pro- 
vocative to venery 5 but their virtues are inferior 
to thofe of this cultivated kind, 
FOREIGN SPECIES, 
The root is long, flender, hard, and furnifhed 
with many fibres: the firft leaves are numerous, 
long, and irregularly divided in the pinnated 
manner, with a great, odd fegment at the end. 
The ftalks are numerous, round, upright, and 
a yard high. ‘ape 
The leaves on them ftand irregularly, and re- 
femble thofe from the root, but that they are more 
deeply divided. 
The flowers ftand in a loofe fpike, at the top 
of the ftalks, and are of a faint, yellowith hue, 
ftreaked with black. 
The feed-veffels are long and thick. 
It is a native of Italy, and flowers. in Augut, 
C, Bauhine calls ic Eruca, latifolia Sativa alba 
Diofcoridis, Others, Eruca Sativa, Eruca hor- 
tenfis, and Eruca Romana. 
VIL. 
CiA BOB A G E, 
BRASSICAZ. 
gs flower is compofed, of. four. petals, of an oval form, undivided, regularly opening in 4 
» crofs-like form, asin the.reft of this,clafs, and with flender bottoms: the cup is compofed oF four 
greenifh leaves, and falls with the flower: the feed-veffel is long, 
rounded, but deprefiéd each way, 
and is parted into. two, cells by a membrane, which, is longer than its two fides: the feeds are round: 
_ and the leaves are large and flefhy, and, ofa bluith green. ‘ 
Linnzus places this among the tetradynamia filiquofa; the flower having fix threads, four of which 
are longer, and.two fhorter, and the feed-veffel being a regular pod. 
He confounds, together, this and the tursip under one common. name, 
making, the. ¢urnip 
rape, and aavew, fpecies of cabbage: but in. this, as other the like inftances, his. attachment to 
the fmaller parts of the Aower leads him to do. violence to nature. 
The turnip and cabbage, though 
they agree in many things, differ in others: the cup of the turnip is opener than that of the cab- 
bakes and, yellow ; whereas that of the cabbage is green. The leaves alfo differ, and the root in many 
inftances in all the whole external face of the plant. This, however he has difregarded, it, ought 
to be taken notice of in all diftin@ions. 
The rape, navew, and turnip, are indeed all evidently of, 
the fame ings as we fhall thew ; but they conftitute a genus quite diftinct from the cabbage. 
2 
D.Aevit- 
