Phe: »:BaRal We S3H HERBAL. 
farmers have diftinguifhed three or four kinds; 
but the botanift is to know thefe are no more than 
accidental varieties, or the effects of culture, and 
that the plant is the fame in all, there being but | 
one known fpecies of what is properly called ¢ur- 
nip. 
The leaves are numerous and large: they are 
Jong, and confiderably broad, deeply and irre- 
gularly divided at the edges, and of a yellowifh 
green colour, and’rough to the touch. 
The ftalk is round, firm, upright, and three 
or four feet high. 
The leaves on it are fmaller, and lefs divided 
than thofe at the root, the upper ones being 
-fimple, and of a heart-fafhioned fhape, without 
any divifion. 
The flowers are {mall and yellow: they ftand 
at the tops of the ftalks many together. 
The feed-veffel is long, and the feeds are large 
and round. 
GaneBet SNe 2 Usm0tS 
241 
It is a native of Spain, and flowers in July. 
‘C. Bauhine calls it Rapum fativum rotundum, 
and moft others follow him. 
This author, as well as many others, diftin- 
guith the long-rooted turnip under the name of ‘a 
peculiar fpecies, calling it the long turnip, and 
the female turnip, but it is, as_we have already 
obferved, nothing more than a variety. 
The turnip is a wholefome root, ufed more in 
food than medicine, but not altogether without 
virtues in that refpect. 
The juice of unripe turnips, thatis, fmall green 
ones, with white wine, has fometimes cured 
quartan agues. 
The roots, as eaten at table, are celebrated as 
antifcorbuticks, if eat frequently, and for a length 
of time ; and externally they are commended, by 
way of poultice, boiled foft with bread and milk, 
againft fwellings of the breatts, 
X. 
MUSTARD. 
. Siglag Na AGP il. 
HE. flower is compofed of four fhort, roundifh petals, expanded crofs-ways, with very thore, 
narrow bottoms: the cup is formed of four leaves, and fpreads wide open; its leaves are nar- 
row, and hollowed, and its opening is in a crofs form, and the whole falls with the flower : the feed- 
veffel is long and rough, and the membrane that divides it within into two cells ftands out toa very 
confiderable length beyond the end of the pod, and is large and flatted : the feeds are numerous and 
round. / ; 
Linneus places this among the setradynamia filiquofa ; four of the fix threads that are in the flower 
being longer than the other two, and the feed-veflel being a regular pod. 
He diflikes the termination of the old name, and writes it /izapis. 
DIVISION I. 
1. Common Muttard. 
Sinapi vulgare. 
The root is long, flender, white, and hung 
with many fibres. 
The leaves that rife from it are long and large: 
they are deeply divided at the edges, fo as fome- 
what to refemble the pinnated form, and they 
are terminated each by a broad, large, round 
piece at the end. | 
The ftalk is round, upright, firm, and not 
much branched ; it is two feet and a half high, 
and is rough toward the bottom, as are alfo the 
leaves ; and {moeth at the top. 
The leaves are placed irregularly on it, and 
are, like thofe from the root, long, finuated at 
the edges, of a pale or yellowifh green, and rough 
to the touch. 
The flowers are fimall and yellow: they ftand 
in a kind of fpikes at the tops of the ftalk and 
branches. ‘ 
The feed-veflels are oblong, but not fo long as 
in moft of the other plants of this clafs; and they 
ftand upright, and near the ftalk. 
The feeds are numerous and round. 
We cultivate this in fields and gardens for the 
feed; but it is alfo wild in our corn-fields, and 
in wafte places. 
N° 24. 
BUR Th oleS 3H SP eB Cons, 
This is the plant whofe feeds are the common 
muftard-feed, much ufed in our kitchens, and fo 
valuable in medicine. : 
J. Bauhine calls it Sinapi fativum filiqua longa 
glabra fimine ruffo five vulgare. Others, Sinapi 
vulgare. . 
_ 2, White Muftard. 
Sinapi album filiqua birfuta. 
The root is long, flender, white, and furnifhed 
with many fibres. : 
The firft leaves rife in a large tuft, and are 
long, broad, of a yellowifh green, rough to the 
touch, and very deeply and irregularly jagged, 
often down to the rib. 
The ftalk is round, upright, and divided into 
many branches. 
The leaves on this are numerous and large : 
they are rough, and very deeply jagoed, and 
have long footftalks. 
"The flowers are fmall and yellow: they, ftand 
in confiderable numbers at the tops of the 
branches, and are followed by long, hairy pods. 
The roughnefs of thefe feed-veffels is not their 
only diftinction from thofe of the common mu/. 
tard: they ftand out from the ftalk, whereas the 
others run almoft parallel with it ; and they are as 
Q4qq it 
