The BRITISH HERBAL. 
449 
‘Wild: Carline. - 
Chicus carlina fyloeftris diftuss 
‘The root is long, fender,” and’hard. 
The ftalk is upright, firm, of a yellowith | 
green, ‘and hairy. 
The leaves are long, moderately broad, full of | oO 
prickles, and of a fhining green. 
Go Be 
The flowers are large, and of a dufky yellow : 
| they terminate the branches, and rife alfo from 
the'bofoms of the leaves. 
We have it in dry paftures, flowering in Au- 
guft. 
C.Bauhine calls it Cnicus flvefris fpinofior. 
thers, Carlina /lveftris. 
Gig 28 V. 
ELECAMPANE. 
; HELENIU™ 
HIE “flower is compofed of numerous flofeules, arranged in a cominon cup. This is large, and 
compofed of many loofe fcales. 
The flofcules are of two kinds, tubular in the centre, and 
flat or ligulated at the edge; and the buttons on the threads have briftles behind them. 
Linnzus places this among the /yngene/ia, 
Common Elecampane; 
Helenium vulgare. 
The root is very large and thick, brown, 
flefhy, and of an aromatick tafte. 
The ftalk is five feet high, very thick, firm, 
and ‘not much ‘branched. 
The leaves are large, oblong, pointed, and 
of a yéllowifh green. 
The flowers grow at the tops of all the 
branches ; and they are large and yellow. 
GB Nes 
We have it wild in pafture-grounds in York- 
fhire. It flowers in July. 
C. Bauhine calls it Helenium vulgare. Others, 
Enula campana, and fome Inula; Linnzeus among 
others. 
The root is an excellent pectoral, and pofiefies 
many other virtues. It is fubaftringent and dia- 
phoretick. It is given with moft fuccefs. in 
coughs, and diforders of the lungs; and “is no 
way better than eaten candied. 
VI. 
GOLDEN ROD. 
V5. dee GA 
Ae ORY oA 
HE flower is compofed of numerous flofcules, arranged in a common cup. This is oblong 
and fealy, and is formed of many oblong parts. The flofcules in the centre are tubular, and 
thofe which furround them ‘on the edge flat. 
Linneus places this with the others among the /yngenefa. 
DIVISION I. 
1. Common Golden Rod. 
Virga aurea vulgaris. 
The root is compofed of numerous fibres, con- | 
neéted to an oblong head. 
The ftalk is upright, and two feet high ; and 
it is loaded with many branches. 
The leaves are oblong, broad, and of a deep 
green. 
The flowers are very numerous, and of a fine 
gold yellow: they ftand at the tops of the ftalks 
and branches. 
It is common in dry places, and flowers in Au- 
uft. 
: C. Bauhine calls it Virga aurea anguftifolia mi- 
nus ferrata, Others, Virga aurea vulgaris, ang 
fimply Virga aurea. 
2. Marfh Golden Rod. 
Virga aurea palufris. 
The root is fibrous and white. 
The ftalks are numerous, flender, upright, 
N° XLV. 
BRITISH SPECIES. 
and two feet high: they are uftally of a redifh 
colour, and are not much branched. 
The leaves are long, narrow, and beautifully 
ferrated at the edges. 
The flowers ftand in great numbers at the tops. 
of the branches, and are large and yellow. 
It is a native of our fen-counties, and flowers 
in June. 
C. Bauhine calls it Conyza paluftris ferratifolia« 
3. Small, ferrated-leaved Golden Rod. 
Virga aurea bumilia foliis ferratis. 
The root is compofed of numerous fibres, con. 
nected to a fmall head. 
The ftalks are tough, upright, very mucli 
branched, and a foot high. 
The leaves are placed on long footftalks ; and 
are narrow; and ferrated at the edges. 
The flowers are numerous, fmall, and yellow. | 
It is found in our hilly northern and weftern 
counties, flowering in July. 
Ray calls it Virga aurea vulgari bumilior. 
5¥. 4. Narrow- 
