EXTRACTS AND. ABSTRACTS. 21 
On Pycnipia. 
Beitriigezur Kenntniss der Pycniden von Dr. Hermann Bauxe. (Nova 
Acta. Band XXXViil. ) Dresden. 1876.—Pycnidia are found throughout 
the whole year on or in most dead vegetable matter, and not pet a | 
also on os substrata supplying the necessary nourishment, such as 
ings, damp, slimy mould, &c. Asa rule, they Set not occur alone, but 
n company with Ascomycetes, an and in particular with Cucurbitariee, 
@ of 
upon as Fungi complete in themselves, ae pha rear to this idea the 
genera Phoma, Diplodia, Spharopsis, Cytispora, and others hig bap eal 
but Tulasne, judging from the circumstance that Pycnidia re often 
found on the same mycelium as the Perithecia, advanced the ehisiky 
y were organs normally belonging to F group 
Ascomycetes. The accuracy of this view was rend lb 
good as regards au nidia arnt y was still a matter of doubt, and 
of Dr. Baul e’s_ researches. o this end the eve certain means was 
emperet waa irbiiok are given in d@ 
careful forethought and experienced practical remedy 
The author thus sums up his results:—‘‘ As to the question 
whether the Pyenidia are independent organisms, or whether 
they belong to the Ascomyvetes, these researches prove 
second of se alternatives to be correct. The cultivation of 
the Ascospores of Pleospora polytricha, Cucurbitaria elongata, and 
~ cote conc hpertided Doliolum regularly Meares Pycnidia—in 
he first o ies 
studying ially @ 
Piseior eae of this Fungus, I obtained only twice P 
In the cultivation of Melanomma (Spheria) Pulvis-Pyri 
ellita a dense mycelium was nad produced 
in the latter species the Conidia drawn by Tulasn Li 
but no Pycenidia, which were indeed never found on el 
From Cucurbitaria sro 8p ryeiine ae ig etree the fini 
were obtained, namely, idi idia appear as 
other Ascomycetes aye hee the ease of Cincinnobolus and Sryeph} only 
eserves mention that in the great number of experi- 
ments recorded, Stylospores, almost without nm, produced 
Stylospores, and iain, Conidia; but the following table illustrates 
