TEODORO CARUEL. 261 
the Flora Italiana ea Caruel’s direction was not, however, issued 
till September, 1 
In November, 1880, Caruel once more returned to Florence, as 
Director of the Royal Botanic Institute, and henceforward devoted 
, concentrating his attention 
on the phanerogamie orders which had not in elaborated in the 
earlier volumes of the Flora Italiana. He critically examined the 
systems of eens adopted by diverse ihe ‘of botanists; and in 
the following year published his Pensieri sulla Tassinomia Botanica, a 
of these studies was his Epitome Flore Europe, published in parts 
in 1892, 1894, and 1897. As stated in a brief notice of the work in 
this Journal (1894, p. 253), ‘it is accurate and scholarly, and its 
value is apie by the full and oe. compiled alba the gerd 
attached to genus.”” In both these works Caruel p a ga ed 
placed the Ehedhaiie in a se dares division, whith salted: 
‘* Anthospermez,” intermediate between Angiosperms and Gadi 
sperms, though for reasons phylogenetically different from those 
adduced by Melchior Treub for the aegregnlen ¢ of the —. 
Recognizing the misfortune of the suspension of Parlatore’s 
reat work, and the possibility of its ee unfinished, Cariel 
induced the Accademia dei Lincei to guarantee expenses connected 
with its continuation, and applied himself assiduously to editing 
the manuscript left by Parlatore. He also secured, as collabo- 
rators, Caldesi, Tanfani, Mori, an a ornaens. n a few years, 
the species of flowering plants, which samen 1381 in Parlatore’s 
volumes, extended to more than 5000 s A few orders, how- 
sas er, remain still to be taken in hand, nary another small pi es 
would probably complete the w 
The work undertaken by Casiial from time to time, in the ad- 
ditions and continued improvements of the original Garden of 
Simples, and the formation and extension of the Herbarium of the 
Botanical Institute, occupied not only his official time, but the 
hours which would otherwise have been available for leisure and 
g 
actu the creation of one master- worker. In August, 1892, 
Caruel experienced the ently ‘omens ms of a malady to which he 
was a martyr for six years, and was unable to take part in the 
a Congress of Boletos held at Genoa. e had now, 
however, the satisfaction of witnessing the prosperous career of the 
Toles Botanical Society, which he had launched under favourable 
auspices, having been a vice-president from 1888. The foundation 
such a society was proposed by Parlatore in 1874, but was not 
carried out Ftd him. Towards the close of a long and _ 
‘aioe recently rena by Prof. saci Nicotra to Signor 
Stefano gene vee President o f the Italian Botanical Society, it appears that 
this final yolume is now in preparation 
