280 COOKE: GLACIAL DEPOSITS OF CLEETHORPES AND DISTRICT. 
In Pit I. this estimate is probably excessive, for recently a fresh- 
water spring has burst forth from the centre of the bottom of the pit, 
which from the great hardness of its waters proclaims its origin and 
demonstrates that the chalk is not far off. I made several attempts 
to obtain details of the ‘cliff? beds, but the sea-wall, the gardens, 
and buildings rendered my efforts abortive. Fortunately, however, 
Mr. Penning has preserved for us the results of his observations, 
which are now rendered doubly interesting, both for the information 
they afford as to the constitution of this morainal mound as well as 
for the opportunity they offer for the comparison with the details 
of the beds in the adjoining areas. The ‘cliff’ at the time of 
Mr. Penning’s visit exhibited in section the following beds :— 
(2) Sandy wash. 3 to 4 feet. 
(4) Yellow sand with lines of carbonaceous matter. 2 to 3 feet. 
(¢) Brown stratified loam. 3 feet. 
(2) Bluish loamy clay. 1 foot. 
(e) Grey marl, full of shell and plant remains. 2 feet. 
(/) Sand in places. 1 foot. 
(g) Boulder clay. 
From this it will be seen that the newer glacial beds here and in 
the pits to the north-west are capped by a series of. post-glacial 
deposits that closely agree in their general facies. 
Similar deposits are exposed in a field which is situate about 
half-a-mile E.S.E. between Cleethorpes and Humberstone. Here 
there are two disused pits in which an attempt has been made to 
reach the boulder clays. The thickness of the post-glacial deposits 
seems, however, to have discouraged the promoters, and the under- 
taking is now abandoned. . 
From Cleethorpes the line where the boulder clays pass beneath 
the post-glacial beds of the Marshland trends south; and near the 
village of Old Clee the Hessle and Purple clays occur as the surface 
deposits, and exhibit many interesting features. In a field about 
a furlong from the schoolhouse they are heaped up into mound-like 
masses that much resemble the neolithic tumuli that are so common 
in various parts of the county, but, as far as I could ascertain from 
observation and inquiry, the grounds for regarding them as being the 
work of man are very doubtful. None of them seem to have been 
opened, but from an examination of their exterior features they see™ 
to have a distinctly morainic rather than an artificial character. 
The ditching that has been carried out in the immediate neighbour- 
hood has exposed sections of reddish-brown clays, weathering yellow. 
These clays are comparatively free from rock fragments, but otherwise 
they are similar to the Hessle clays along the Cleethorpes gate 
