ELM LEAP BEETLE IN NEW YORK STATE 23 



would have brought the average cost up somewhat. The elms 

 of Albany range from 20 to about 70 feet in hight, though most' 

 of them are over 50. 



The average cost of one spraying in Albany in 1900 was about 

 22c a tree. The spraying was done with an apparatus, to be 

 described later, and under civil service regulations, which 

 require men to work but eight hours a day. Two power spray- 

 ing outfits under one foreman's direction constituted the force. 

 It would be possible in private work to reduce the force some- 

 what and have one man do duty both as motorman and driver. 

 A little more selection could also be exercised and possibly more 

 efficient men secured than can usually be obtained under civil 

 service regulations. 



Mr H. W. Gordinier of Troy found that in contract work in 

 the village of Lansingburg, where he sprayed all the trees, the 

 average cost a tree for each spraying was 23c. This figure, 

 however, was raised considerably in his work in Troy where the 

 trees were sprayed at the expense of private parties and there 

 was necessarily much running hither and thither; under these 

 conditions it ranged from 50c to 60c a tree, the cost depending 

 on the size and the number in one locality. 



The saving in cost shown by the above figures, not to mention 

 the greater benefit to the public, particularly in the poorer sec- 

 tions of a city where shade trees are most needed and where 

 they are usually neglected, is a strong argument in favor of 

 such spraying operations being done under village and municipal 

 authorities. The more general and thorough the work, the 

 more satisfactory the results. 



Proper apparatus. In order to do this work successfully one 

 must possess a force pump capable of throwing a stream some 

 distance, a number of feet of hose and a nozzle that will dis- 

 charge a rather fine spray. There must also be something to 

 hold the poisonous mixture and a ladder facilitates the work 

 of application greatly. 



One of the best arrangements for hand work is most probably 

 found in the spraying outfit on wheels so that it can be readily 



