280 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 
belongs to the family Tipulidae; the other to the family 
Leptidae. 
Tipula flavicans Fabricius 
1805 Tipula flavescens (in erratis, flavicans) Fabricius, Syst. 
Antliatorum, p.24 
1821 Tipula flavicans Wiedemann, Diptera Exotica. 1:25 
1828 Tipula flavicans Wiedemann, Aussereur. zweifitig. Insecten, 
1:48 
1878 Tipula flavjicans Osten Sacken, Cat. Dipt. N. Am. p38 
(listed) 
This common crane fly is widely distributed over the eastern 
United States and Canada. It belongs to the New York fauna, 
but I bred it from pupae collected at Lake Forest Ill. The 
pupae were found in a peculiar and very restricted habitat. 
In the bottom of a glacial pothole on the top of a small moraine 
there was a deep bottom layer of mud, muck and humus, nearly 
dry from the summer’s evaporation, and perforated by a few 
crawfish holes, around whose mouths were little hillocks of 
clay, brought up by the crawfishes from a deeper stratum. In 
these clay hillocks, and only in these, I found the pupae, placed 
vertically in cylindric cavities, their heads almost reaching the 
upper surface of the clay. I collected a number of the pupae 
on Sep. 22, and the imagos began to emerge on tthe 23d and 
were all out on the 27th. During this time the adult flies were 
common among the bushes all about the pothole. They were 
not so easy to catch as are most crane flies; they readily took 
flight on the approach of a net, and, if pursued, would take 
refuge high up in the branches of neighboring trees, well out 
of reach. 
Pupa [pl.10, fig.3]. Length 26mm, abdomen 20mm, respiratory 
horns 1.3mm; greatest diameter of the thorax 4mm, of abdomen 
Smm. 
Body cylindric, tapering at ends on the head and from the 
eighth abdominal segment, the abdomen with parallel sides, the 
thorax thickened toward its middle. Colors (generally obscured 
by adherent dirt) brown, paler on wings and Jegs, on lateral 
margins of abdomen and on two broad dorsal and two ventral 
areas nearly covering each abdominal segment. 
Head unarmed; rostral sheath and base of antennal sheaths 
transversely corrugated. Antennae curving posteriorly around 
