328 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 
Part 6 
- AQUATIC NEMATOCEROUS DIPTERA 
BY OSKAR AUGUSTUS JOHANNSEN 
In the following pages will be given an account of the life 
histories of a number of small flies, commonly known as black 
flies, (Simuliidae), mosquitos, (Culicidae), and midges, (Blepharo- 
ceridae and Chironomidae). The material on which this study 
is based was for the most part collected in the vicinity of Ithaca 
N. Y., though some of it came from Saranac Inn N. Y. and else- 
where. The larvae were collected by means of a small hand 
net from the ponds; or swept by means of a brush into a cloth 
“sag-net” from the surface of the rock on the bottom of the 
shallow creeks in the manner described by Professor Needham 
in United States National Museum bulletin 39, 1899, part O, page 
5. The material thus collected was then transferred to the 
breeding cages. These cages for the pond-water larvae consist 
of small glass jars containing some water plants. For those 
forms that require rapidly flowing water a jar was used from 
which the water was drawn by means of a continuous siphon as 
rapidly as it entered.t 
The material was collected during the summer of 1901, and 
studied during the fall of the same year in the entomological 
laboratory of Cornell University, under the direction of Prof. J. 
H.Comstock, to whom I wish to express my thanks for his advice 
in the preparation of this work. I also desire to acknowledge 
my obligation to Prof. J. G. Needham, of Lake Forest Univer- 
sity, who suggested the work, directed its course and supplied me 
with material; to Professor Aldrich, of the University of Idaho, 
Professor Smith, of New Jersey, Professor Kellogg, of Leland 
Stanford Jr University and Messrs MacGillivray and Houghton 
for material from various localities. 
The object of the paper is to give ‘the distinctive generic and 
specific characters of larvae and pupae of the forms studied, 
1 See Comstock. Insect Life, p.330. 
