430 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 
Larva. The larva is found in pond water or in slow flowing - 
streams. It is almost always bent double in the shape of a letter 
U [fig.5], so that the head and tail come close together; the 
bend being at the sixth segment. When kept in a tumbler of 
water, it will lie on the side of the glass with its body above the 
water level; its head and tail toward the water. It appears how- 
ever that it is still within the surface film. Its general color is 
a pale fuscous with black head and appendages. The body con- 
sists of three thoracic and eight abdominal plus the anal seg- 
ment. The head [fig.1] is somewhat quadrangular in shape, 
with the antennae at the anterior lateral margins. On the dor- 
sal head sclerite are three pairs of setae arranged as in figure 
6; and on the ventral surface are also three pairs besides a 
smaller one at the base of each antenna, as shown in figure 1. 
The antennae are slender, slightly curved, and deep brown in 
color, with numerous sharp, distad projecting tubercles or spines. 
The labrum is attached to the cephalic margin of the dorsal 
sclerite [fig.6] and hangs flaplike over the mouth. The margin 
is heavily fringed with dense tufts of hair Which appear to act as 
rotatory organs. Ventrad of this are the mandibles | fig.2], short 
and stout, each with a curved spine at its cephalic end, a pair of 
curved setae on its outer (lateral) margin, and a row of fine, 
curved hairs overhanging the two short, sharp teeth in its inner 
(mesal) margin. The maxillae are ventrad of the mandibles, and 
are well developed. At the apical end of each are a few fine, 
curved hairs [fig.3], and on its outer surface are short, scattered 
hairs. Its palpus [fig.3p] greatly resembles the antenna, but is 
a little smaller. On its basal joint is a stout seta. The labium 
is semicircular in outline, with hairs on its apical margin, but 
apparently without teeth. 
On the dorsal surface of the first thoracic segment are a few 
long, cephalad projecting setae, and a few shorter ones on each 
of the following thoracic and abdominal segments. The first 
two abdominal segments each have anteriorly on the ventral sur- 
face a pair of short prolegs with rows of short, curved bristles 
[fig.5e]. The ventral posterior margin of each of the eighth, 
ninth, and tenth body segments (fifth, sixth and seventh abdom- 
inal segments) is a fringe of stout caudad projecting bristles 
[ fig.5b]. 
The appendages of the last segment of the abdomen superfi- 
cially resemble those of Anopheles. The spiracles open on the 
dorsal surface [fig.7s], and surrounding each of these and ex- 
tending laterad is a leaflike plate with a ciliated margin. Imme- 
diately cephalad of these is a transverse row of six short 
branched hairs. Extending caudad are two long, dark brown 
