6 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



shale followed by a sandstone i foot, 4 inches thick which is sep- 

 arated by a shaly parting from a compact gray sandstone 2 feet, 10 

 inches thick. The composition of this sandy band as a whole is 

 somewhat variable but the heavy layer can be traced, gradually be- 

 coming thinner, from a mile north of Montour Falls on the west 

 side of the valley for 10 miles, to the north line of the quadrangle, 

 and for 2 miles on the east side near the head of the lake. It is 

 quarried on both sides and supplies the building stone for Watkins 

 and Montour Falls. A layer of rather soft sandstone next below 

 the heaviest stratum in the quarry along the Watkins-Montour Falls 

 road on the west side of the valley, V^ mile south of the fair-grounds, 

 456 feet A. T. contained : Palaeoneilo constricta, 

 Actinopteria cf. eta, Spirifer mesacostalis, 

 Productella speciosa, Camarotoechia eximia, 

 L i o r h y n c h u s mesacostalis, O r b i c u 1 o i d e a m a g- 

 n i f i c a , Agelacrinites sp. no v., P 1 u m a 1 i n a d e n s a. 



This is the lowest brachiopod fauna found on this quadrangle and 

 it was not observed at this horizon elsewhere. Bands of sandstone 

 very similar to this occur at two horizons in the Cashaqua shale at 

 Naples but they are not known farther west. Above these sand- 

 stones are soft bluish gra}-, olive and dark shales in thick or thin 

 beds with thin sandstones usually blocky, slightly calcareous and 

 weathering brown, but with some hard even layers from 3 to 10 

 inches thick succeeding each other for about 75 feet to a 2 foot 

 sandstone containing large concretions exposed at the top of the 

 cascade, 3^ mile north of Montour Falls. Above this layer changes 

 in sedimentation are somewhat less frequent, the layers of sand- 

 stone or shales being thicker, but the general character of the beds 

 remains the same. The shales and sandstones immediately over- 

 lying the heavy sandstones below are almost barren, only a few 

 obscure fossils occurring in the clay shales. A layer of dark soft 

 shale exposed at the mouth of Havana glen 500 feet A. T. and about 

 50 feet above the sandstone contains : Nucula sp. ?, B u c h i o 1 a 

 speciosa, Camarotoechia e x i m i a . At 565 feet A. T. 

 P 1 u m a 1 i n a p 1 u m u 1 a r i a is common in the thin sandstone ; 

 at 625 feet A. T., in compact soft shales A m b o c o e 1 i a u m - 



