280 NOTES AND NEWS, 
Trent, is felt quite 14 miles above Gainsborough, we cannot 
wonder at it. 
In addition to this, there are proofs of the near payee of the 
sea in the finding of recent marine shells inland. Some, 
Carr informs me, were met with in Newland, at the foot of Linsle 
Cliff, during some alterations a few years since. They consisted 
chiefly of Cardium edule, Mytilus edulis, and Littorina littorea—the 
common cockle, mussel, and periwinkle—and they were all dwarfed, 
as is, invariably, the case when marine molluscs are found living in 
salt, or estuarine marshes, with a large admixture of fresh water. 
Mr. Carr, in writing about them, says they were ‘involved in a 
marine peat containing a good many bones, a large number being 
those of birds ; the peat underlies the whole of Newland, Guildhall 
the land. Beyond, however, these temporary occupations and incur- 
sions, there is no record of sea action ; and, in forming the contour 
of the land, its escarpments, valleys and plains, the sea took no part. 
Rivers to start the grips, and atmospheric forces to widen them 
into valleys, is sufficient for it all. We want no other aid. 
is the story of the Lincoln Gap; one of the many pages in 
nature’s book which lie open at our feet, and which it is our privilege 
to read if we will. The study of it is wide and far-reaching, for, in the 
evolution or development of the Trent, we have a clue to the history 
of many another river and stream; and, by the aid of the new and 
strong light thrown on the subject by Prof. Davis, in his recent 
admirable paper, we shall be able to trace the birth of many an 
inland escarpment, valley, and plain, the origin of which is at present 
unaccountable, or, to say the least, obscure. 
NOTES AND NEWS. 
From Messrs. Jarrold & Sons we have received a copy of ‘ Object Lessons in 
Botany i from Rabe oa Field, Da ac & ‘Gatien, | (Book II., for mgpmetons Tk; 
IV., & V.),’ by Mr. Edward Snelgrove, B.A., of Sh effield. are 
simply and graphically put, and the illustrations a com oi er dint and 
distinct. The book is not dated, either on the title page pe preface—a great 
Setacs tet it is well and clearly printed. 
Naturalist, 
