Pepper.) ae [ Dee. 2, 
Original Bone. Diseased Bone. Addition 
by Disease. 
Femur, de ails 1d in. + in. 
Tibia, 1. 1,2, « ie 
Humerus, fe 13 « 5 
Radius (middle), gene ieee a“ 
(upper third), 4 6 ee a « 
(lower third), ie ie 16 
Ulna (middle), ie qi. Ys 
(at coronoid), B 66 aan 5 
(lower third), BM 1 & te 
Metacarpal (great toe), 4 6 ee Be 
Phalanx 2 ca a. Le 
Clavicle, gs Boe gee 
Fibula (upper & lowerthirds) 7; ‘ Be iv, 
Tlium (1 in. above acetabu- 
lum), is *! a B « 
IV. GENERAL Description. 
The bones which have suffered the most are the clavicle, humerus, ra- 
dius, ulna, femur, tibia, fibula, metacarpals, or-tarsals and phalanges of 
both hand and foot. These are diseased in almost the entire length of 
their shafts. The radius and ulna have suffered rather more than any of 
the other bones just named. All the other bones of the trunk have suf- 
fered to some extent, those of the skull but very little or not at all. 
Comparing the upper and the lower extremities, there is no appreciable 
difference in the violence of the disease. 
Comparing the two sides externally, not only is there no difference in 
the extent and character of the disease, but there is the most remarkable 
symmetry of the corresponding, diseased bones, which may be traced even 
to details. (Figs. 9 and 10.) The disease begins and ends on both sides 
at corresponding points, it changes in character from simple porosity 
to the growth of osteophytes at corresponding points; if on one side 
the posterior part of the bone is most diseased, the same is true of 
the other side; if the osteophyte growth is continuous or interrupted 
on one bone (fibula Fig. 18) it is so on the opposite one; if one is 
unusually diseased at a tendinous or aponeurotic insertion, so is its 
mate ; if a groove or a variation in color exist on the one side, the same 
will be found on the other side; even of single marked spicule of bone 
the same may be said; so that a description of one side will answer for 
both, minute differences being noted as they occur. 
The main violence of the disease is expended on the shafts of the long 
bones. The epiphyses, of which the most important remain, e. g. those 
of the femur, tibia, humerus, &c., show we may almost say nodisease. The 
lower epiphysis of the femur is slightly porous in the usually compact 
layer of the articular surface, but so fine is the porosity and so slight the 
disease that it would not be observed save on a most careful examination. 
