Lesley.]} ' 1 32 [June, 
The ash is remarkably small—the coke very great (nearly 4ths of the 
whole); and the gas no higher than in Broad Top Coal; water and 
sulphur about half of one per cent. The small percentage.of water in 
these coals is remarkable. 
The coal is friable and comes out much crumbled, and will not bear 
transportation, but makes a very nice grey even coke. The crumbling 
shale roof will call for very careful mining and abundant timbering to 
keep the mine in good order. But while timber is abundant in the 
district, longwall mining will let the roof fall behind and afford plenty of 
slate stuff for gobbing up, where needful. 
The Rose Bank, opposite the mouth of Brown’s creek, facing south, 
220 feet above water ; shows six feet face of coal, very good, except that 
there are a few thin layers of slate in the top bench of 12 inches, as be- 
fore ; a coal of 8 inches is said to underlie the bed, as before ; roof, again, 
crumbly shale ; coal very friable; it is roughly coked in the open air in 
front of the mine and makes good coke. : 
The Kuhiman Bank is opposite to the Rose, on the west side of the 
valley ; and an old mine is % mile further west on the same outcrop, and 
at the same level, 25 feet above the bed of Sander’s run. Both are fallen 
in. The people say that the bed exhibited the same character as on 
Brown’s creek. 
The bed has not been fully opened at the southern end of the property, 
put I see no reason why it should differ in quality or thickness here from 
where it is opened further up the North Fork, since it runs with remark- 
able regularity of thickness and character from the Krieger bank (up 
Brown’s creek), to the Kuhlman bank and the old opening on Sander’s 
creek, a distance of two miles. 
Geologically, this bed is the continuation southward, into Maryland, of 
one of the Freeport beds of the Alleghany River System, having a wide 
extension through western Pennsylvania, and usually furnishing the best 
of coal. For want of special instrumental surveys in the country south 
of the Conemaugh, it is not now possible to assert positively to which of 
these two Alleghany River Coal beds the Six-foot coal, in southern 
Somerset county, answers best. Our best guide, the great lime rock 
which underlies the upper of these beds, thins out as it approaches the 
Allegheny Mountain and the Maryland line. But as we have a dark 
Shale, with limestone nodules, overlying our Six-foot coal bed, and be- 
neath what is probably the Mahoning Sandrock, in the same position as 
that occupied by the upper of the two Allegheny River beds, the Six-foot 
coal would seem to be the lower. 
If a colliery were established at the mouth of Brown’s creek, and 
three incline planes ascended the ends of Younkin’s hill, Menard’s hill, 
and Hyatt’s hill, then from the tops of these three planes, three main 
entries would have three unbroken coal fields straight before them, with 
a rising coal; in Youngkin’s hill rising eastward ; in Menard’s hill rising 
northeastward, north northeastward and northward ; and in Hyatt’s hill 
rising west northwestward. The point is a rare one for large mining 
operations. 
—S 
