Qo 
1871. siti Lesley. 
499 [Lesley 
coal. Six feet at the top of the well was mud. All the rest was ‘‘sand- 
rock,’’ without coal. 
Petroleum.—There was enough oil to grease the rods. The well was 
plugged up. Recently the plug was knocked out, when fresh water spouted 
from the 34-inch hole to a height of three feet, but soon subsided. A. film 
of oil stands on the water, which is very cold and too brackish to taste per- 
fectly good, although cattle go to it in preference to drinking other water. 
Salt.—The spot selected for the well had been a famous deer and buf- 
falo lick. The ground had been eaten away by the animals. Thirty or 
forty deer used. to be seen at one time at this lick ; and spoonfuls of salt 
could be collected. It must be borne in mind that the salt wells of East- 
ern Kentucky get their water from the conglomerate at the base of the 
Coal Measures. There must, therefore, be a saltwater-bearing formation 
several hundred feet below the coal bed at the bottom of this well; sup- 
posing, 1, that it is the Six-foot Bed of Wise County ; and supposing, 2, 
that the Sheep Rock Conglomerate Sandstone is not the true Conglom- 
erate Base of the Coal Measures. But even if the latter supposition be 
wrong, and the Six-foot Bed be one of the Sub-Conglomerate Coal Beds 
of Eastern Kentucky, which is quite a possible thing, there remains a 
stiJl lower ‘‘Knobstone,’”? or Devonian Saltwater-bearing Formation, 
from which the salt water must find its way to the surface through the 
Great Downthrow and cross-fissures connected with it. This Devonian 
Saltwater-bearing Formation is that which supplies our deep salt wells in 
Western Pennsylvania, and is also the same as the Petroleum-bearing 
Formation of Venango County. 
THE COALS at MOUTH of INDIAN. 
( Section No.6 of the Map.) 
Stoney Ridge .. 
The Six-foot Coal Bed, here, has been opened and mined for the use 
of the neighborhood by Mr. Scott, at (~) about 1} miles up the creek from 
its mouth ; and again at (>) a quarter of a mile further up, on the same 
south dip. At both (@ and 6) it shows a disturbance represented in 
diagram on the next pages. 
The bed is here, really, but 2} to 3 feet thick. It is covered with a 
plate of sandstone which is several feet thick ; and, although the pres- 
sure produced by the Great Downthrow, which runs along at a distance 
of about half a mile due south of the locality of the mine, has folded the 
coal bed with the sandrock back upon itself, yet the sandstone of the 
rock, thus caught in between the walls of the fold of the coal, is perfectly 
solid and does not show the slightest trace of disturbance. This is a 
striking, but well-known phenomenon. The coal itself is bent round, 
and shows sharp tongues, in the fold. 
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