A 
1387.] 57 [King. 
Rome. A form of evocation was still preserved in the Pontifical Books, 
and the true name of the guardian of Rome was kept a secret (like the 
Shem Hamephorash of the Jews) for fear some enemy might use it for the 
same purpose.’’ 
“That Vermilion was in such estimation with the ancients, that the face 
of Jupiter Capitolinus was painted therewith on the great festivals; also 
the faces of generals while they rode in triumph, citing Camillus as an 
example.”’ 
“That Tarquinius Priscus wore a state tunic woven out of gold wire 
(as was that of Virgil’s Lausus)— 
Molli mater quam neverat auro.—din. x, 818. 
and like that worn by Agrippina at the opening of the tunnel draining 
Lake Fucinus.’’ 
That lampreys have thin, eels thick skins, which were by the ancient 
laws used for flogging pueros pretextatos, ¢. e., boys under age, because 
they were not liable to pecuniary fines ; according to the rule that ‘he 
who cannot pay in purse must pay in person.’’’ Verrius had, furthermore, 
recorded many instances of swdden deaths (which Pliny considers the 
height of felicity) from joy and similar causes. ‘‘ That the Romans, for 
the first three centuries, were not. acquainted with wheat, but lived upon 
spelt in the shape of porridge (farre e frumento).’’ It is true, that the 
earliest coins of Metapontum attest that bearded wheat, triticwm, was the 
staple in Southern Italy at a period ranging from 700 to 400 B. C.; but 
the Romans had no intercourse with those parts before the war with 
Pyrrhus. Spelt is the primitive form of the cereal just emerging from the 
state of a grass-seed ; the grains are smooth and very thinly arranged in 
along ear. Varro, also, gives the actual date when bakers first came to 
Rome from Greece, before which time, the inhabitants used the grain only 
as porridge, puls, exactly as the Red Men of our day eat their maize in 
the shape of hominy. Similarly, this simple preparation of grain consti- 
tuted the national food of the Celts when they had ceased to live entirely 
upon the flesh and milk of their cattle, for the ill-tempered Jerome, squab - 
bling with the Irishman, Celestinus, despatches him with the sarcasm : 
“Hoe non videt Celestinus, 
Celtarum pultibus preegravatus.”’ 
And Ammianus mentions that Julian, in the disastrous retreat from 
Persia, eat nothing but ‘‘parum pultis etiam gregario militi fastidiendum,”’ 
and we must remember that the main strength of the Roman army lay in 
the Gauls and Germans who had followed the Emperor from the West. 
“That the Romans once (the date is not specified) exhibited fighting 
elephants in. the circus; and afterwards, killed them with darts because 
they knew not what to do with them; not being willing to bear the ex- 
pense of keeping such huge beasts ; or to make presents of them to foreign 
princes.’’ 
PROC. AMER. PHILOS. soc. xxv. 127. H. PRINTED APRIL 5, 1888, 
