Mooney.] 254 (Oct. 19, 
most of them had been prest in and broken by the weight of the earth 
above. One of those examind containd the remains of several individuals, 
together with bones of birds and some small animal. In another wer 
found a flint arrow head and a small bone needle. 
The urn is also found in connection with the dolmen, as in the 
mound in Phoenix park, already mentiond, where four urns containing 
ashes and burnd bones wer found inclosed in small separate stone cham- 
bers in different parts of the tumulus, but not within the central dolmen 
itself. Several kistvaens containing urns hav also been found near Cum- 
mer, County Wexford, one of which containd a large urn with a smaller 
one, handsomely ornamented, inside of it, but so far as known no orna- 
ments or implements of any kind wer found in connection with any of 
them.* A third disposition is shown in the Queen’s county interment 
previously noted, where the urn was placed by the side of the skeleton 
and within the kistvaen. 
The cremation was sometimes accomplishd within the tomb, as appears 
from the account of a small kistvaen, approachd by means of a narrow 
passage way, discoverd immediately adjacent to the great mound of New 
Grange. ‘In it were a quantity of human bones and those of small ani- 
mals, pigs, sheep, dogs, and fowl; some burned and some not bearing 
any marks of fire; but the most remarkable circumstance about it was 
that the bottom of this little chamber was lined with stones, the upper 
surfaces of which bore evident marks of fire—in fact, were vitrified — 
showing that the victim, or the dead body, was burned within the 
grave.’’+ 
Three distinct methods of urn burial in the County Antrim hav been 
described by Mr. J. S. Holden.{ In the simplest form, several urns ar 
found imbedded in a layer of earth within a dolmen placed immediately 
upon the natural surface, without the protection of a surrounding mound. 
Tn another instance the kistvaen was approachd by a coverd passage and 
the whole structure inclosed in a parallelogram, sixteen by thirty-five feet, 
composed of twenty-six large pillar stones. The chard bones and frag- 
ments of urns wer found scatterd through the passage, showing that the 
tomb had been previously enterd and plunderd. In another instance a 
large urn was inverted within a small kistvaen placed at one end of a 
pavement formd of basaltic slabs, the whole inclosed in a mound. Within 
the mound, but outside the kistvaen, wer the fragments of several smaller 
urns, ‘The remains in the principal urn seemd to be those of an old man 
of low stature, The urns found in each case wer similar and of very rude 
manufacture and wer frequently inverted upon a slab. Numerous flint 
instruments wer found and one glass bead, but no remains whatever of 
*G, H. Kinahan, On a Circular Structure at Cummer, Co. Wexford, Jour. Anth. Inst., 
xii, 318-322, London, 1883, 
f W. R. Wilde, The Boyne and the Blackwater, 2d ed., 203, Dublin, 1850. 
{On Some Forms of Ancient Interments in County Antrim, Jour, Anth. Inst., i, 219~ 
221, London, 1872, 
