374 BAKER’S NORTH YORKSHIRE, 
ful at the present day in North Yorkshire as a whole as all the 
other trees taken together, and in many districts they give to 
the scenery its predominant tone. 
Juniperus communis L. British type. Native. Sub- 
xerophilous. Areag 87.5 4 3 Range 0-600. This and the 
Rowan have the widest vertical range of all the trees, and though 
far from frequent, the Juniper seems to be usually of indigenous 
growth where it does occur. In Teesdale it ascends to the plateau 
of Cronkley Fell, and is plentiful about the river at the High 
Force and lower down. In the West Swale district it grows 
upon the limestone scars in several places, and ascends to the 
Main Limestone of Gunnerside Gill, Punchard’s Gill, and 
Booze Moor. In Yore district sparingly in Beldon Gill and one 
or two other places near Carperby ; J. Percival. Elsewhere 
it grows only in small quantity. It is to be met with at 
Staniston hill near Burniston, about the head of the Leven, 
and on the moors above Guisbrough and Battersby, and 
also in Snilesworth and Danbydale. Contrary to the Furze 
and Broom, the Juniper and Yew are with us par excellence 
bushes of the Mountain Limestone tract, the former being 
more especially prominent in Teesdale, the latter in Swaledale. 
Taxus baccata I. English type. Native. Nerophilous. 
Area 9 8. Range 100-450. Clearly indigenous upon the scars 
of the western hills. In Swaledale it ascends to the Main 
Limestone scars of West Stonesdale Moor and Copperthwaite 
Moor, and is plentiful in the woods of the lower part of the 
dale. It is also to be met with upon the cliffs in Teesdale, 
Gretadale, and Deepdale, and may be indigenous in the east in 
Wass Woods and Hovingham Woods, and in some other places. 
It is one of the frequent trees of the post-glacial peat swamps, 
but is uncommon now, even as planted. 
MONOCOTYLEDONS. 
Spiranthes autumnalis Rich. English type. Native. 
Sub-xerophilous. Area 8. 3. Range o-200. In the Central 
Valley abundant in grassy places in the neighbourhood of Car- 
