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FREE INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE | 
VEGETATION OF SOUTH FLORIDA 133 
Along the North Canal, the first hammock was encountered 45 kilometers (28 ` 
miles) south of the lake. At 50 kilometers, a tree hammock was passed, while 
according to my notes the Everglades are dotted over with bushes 55 kilometers 
(32 to 34 miles) south of Lake Okeechobee. The canal makes a decided bend 
55 kilometers (34 miles) south of the lake, and here a clump of willow trees 
and one of the buttonbush, Cephalanthus occidentalis L., were noted. From 
here to the outlet of the canal at the eastern edge of the Everglades, the small | 
tree hammocks increase in number, until at 69 kilometers (43 miles), the skyline | 
seems to be a continuous line of low trees through the union of the separate | 
hammocks viewed from a distance across the vast saw-grass stretches. Ata 
point 60 kms. south of the lake and 28 kilometers (17 miles) from Ft. Lauder- 
dale, the first true everglade hammock was passed with a number of tall trees. 
These hammocks increase in number in an eastern direction. The distribution 
of these islands of tree vegetation in a sea of saw-grass suggests that the trees 
are gradually encroaching on the Everglades and in a westward direction. 
One of the everglade hammocks (Plate VIT, Fig. 2) a few kilometers west 
of the head of the Miami River may be taken as a type. Here I noted an 
association of such trees as: Ficus aurea Nutt., Annona glabra L., Magnolia 
virginiana L., Chrysobalanus pellocarpus Mey., Icacorea paniculata (Nutt.) 
Sudw., Rapanea guyanensis Aubl., with such shrubs as Salix longipes Anders, 
Myrica (Cerothamnus) ceriferus (L.) Small, Chrysobalanus icaco L., Tamala 
(Persea) pubescens (Pursh.) Small. Two lianes were collected in this hammock, | 
viz., Smilax laurifolia L. and bullace-grape, Muscadinia (Vitis) Munsoniana 
(Simps.) Small, while on the ground the fern, Blechnum serrulatum L. С. Rich., 
was collected inside the hammock limits. The usual quota of epiphytes were 
present on the trees. 
All through the country south of the Caloosahatchee River and west of 
the Everglades, comprising much of Monroe County, Florida, are found ham- 
mocks of greater or less size. At the southeastern corner of the Big Cypress 
is one sufficiently large to be marked on the map. Its general outline is 
U-shaped, or V-shaped, and the open area between the two arms is open 
glade. Several other large hammocks are found south of the wide glade which 
connects the Big Cypress Swamp with the saw-grass of the Everglades. Some 
of these hammocks are of the low variety, as they are associated with lakes, or 
ponds, of greater or less size. One of the hammocks in this part of Florida 
along the Chokoloskee River is characterized by the presence of a rare palm 
