PETERSON : NEW CARNIVORES FROM MIOCENE OF WESTERN NEBRASKA 227 
unfortunately not completely preserved; enough remains, however, to determine 
that it is fully as heavy as in Canis, but probably did not attain the length seen in 
the latter. The pre- and postzygapophyses, especially in 
the latter, are much expanded in comparison with those of 
the preceding lumbars, and the neural spine is also quite 
light, although comparatively heavier than in the recent 
dogs. 
In the type of Cynodesmus brachypus the lumbar series 
(seven) is apparently completely represented. The centra, 
especially in the anterior part of the series, are somewhat ‘Fie. 22. Seventh Lumbar 
less depressed than in Daphwnodon. The transverse pro- Mevereee Co it ddd 
cesses, though relatively longer than in Daphenodon, are not oe 
attenuated to the same degree as in recent dogs. The metapophyses, anapophyses, 
and neural spines are proportionally lighter than in Daphwnodon and on the whole 
more nearly resemble the lumbar vertebree of Canis. 
M®ASUREMENTS OF SEVENTH LUMBAR VERTEBRA. 
Antero-posterior diameter of centrum.......... 
} Transverse diameter of centrum posteriorly.. 
Vertical diameter of centrum posteviorly 
Transverse diameter at transverse processes, approximately.. 
Height of neural spine 
Fig. 23. Dorsal, Lateral, and Ventral Views of Sacrum of D. superbus. } nat. size. 
Sacrum. — The sacrum is greatly developed, and, as usual, it consists of three 
well codssified vertebree. In its relative size it is fully equal to that of Daphenus 
described and figured by Professor Scott (/. c., p. 841, Pl XX, fig. 14), and is very 
much larger than in the recent dogs and proportionally somewhat more robust than 
in the lion or the tiger. The centra are unusually massive and not nearly so depressed - 
as in the recent dogs, but resembling more those of the tiger. ‘The transverse proc- 
esses however, are, very differently arranged, only the first sacral supporting the 
ilium by its very heavy pleurapophyses; the second has the transverse process rep- 
