PETERSON : NEW CARNIVORES FROM MIOCENE OF WESTERN NEBRASKA 255 
MEASUREMENTS OF METATARSAL IV. 
Greatest length “ 
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Antero-posterior diameter of head.. 
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Metatarsal V.—'The fifth metatarsal is of about the same length as Mt. IT though 
slightly lighter. The head is greatly expanded, especially in the transverse diameter, 
due to the large development of the ascending fibular pro- 
cess, Which is much more developed than in Canis and 
nearly equal in proportion to that of Daphenus. On the 
posterior tibial side this process is succeeded by a heavy 
plantar tuberosity which extends throughout the remain- 
der of the plantar face and rises above the articular facet 
on the proximal end. The tibial face has a projecting 
eminence carrying an articular facet for a corresponding 
pit on Mt. IV already described. The facet for the cuboid 
is quite large ; it is slightly convex antero-posteriorly, and 
along the fibular border itis recurved upwards on the base 
of the ascending process referred to above, so that the facet 
is concave transversely and faces inward as well as up- yg, 54, Fibular and Dorsal 
ward like that of the older form. The shaft is well arched Views of Right Metatarsal V of 
and has the usual transversely oval cross-section found 7? ™?ereus Nat. size. 
in older types. The distal end is enlarged along the fibular border in about the 
same proportion as Mt. I is expanded on the tibial angle, giving the trochlea an 
oblique and asymmetrical appearance. 
Cynodesmus brachypus is an animal of considerably smaller size than Daph- 
nodon, but Mt. V, which is represented in the type, is of very nearly equal length, 
though much lighter than that of Daphwnodon. The ascending process on the 
fibular angle of the head is much larger than in Canis, but it is directed upward and 
outward pretty much asin the latter, and the articulation for the cuboid is small 
and faces directly upward as in the recent form, entirely unlike that of Daphenodon 
and Daphenus. Another modified character of importance in Mt. V of ©. brachypus 
is seen in the shaft. The latter is more arched in the dorsal direction than in Canis, 
but it is plainly seen that the proximal half is trihedral, which is due to the more 
complete parallel arrangement of the metatarsals, approaching, condition found the 
in the modern Canidx, while in Daphenodon and its progenitors the upper por- 
tion of the shaft is transversely oval, due to a less appressed condition and a more 
