356 MEMOIRS OF THE CARNEGIE MUSEUM 
1796. Diodon reticulatus, G. 8. Volta, ibid, p. 94, pl. XX, fig. 3. 
1844. Pycnodus gibbus=Pycnodus platessus, L. Agassiz, Poiss. Foss., Vol. II, 
pt. IL, pl: 185, pl. oXSal, fies. 3, 4. 
1856. Pycnodus gibbosus, J. J. Heckel, Denkschr. Akad k. k. Wiss., math.-naturw. 
Cl., Vol. XI, p. 226, pl. VIII, figs. 3, 4, 6. 
1895. Pycnodus gibbus, A. 8. Woodward, Cat. Foss. Fishes Brit. Mus., pt. III, 
p- 276. 
The type is a nearly complete fish, the location of which is unknown. 
A small species, attaining a length of about 15 cm., maximum depth of trunk 
slightly exceeding half the total length of the fish (including the caudal fin); head 
with opercular apparatus occupying somewhat more than one-quarter of the 
total length. Teeth and fins apparently as in the type species. 
Regarded by Agassiz in his final work as the young of P. pla'essus, its differ- 
ential characters were pointed out by Heckel in 1856. Three examples of this form 
occur among the series of fossil fishes belonging to the Carnegie Museum. They are 
cataloged under the following numbers: 4480+4480a; 4481; 4482. 
Suborder [SOSPONDY LI. 
Family Ciuprip™. 
Genus Crupnma (Artedi) Linné. 
Three well recognized species of this genus are known from the Upper Eocene 
of Monte Bolea, and eight others have been named, without, however, having 
been scientifically defined or illustrated. In addition, at least two generic titles 
have been proposed for Clupeoid forms from Monte Bolea, the precise status of 
which is uncertain.2 Not improbably some of the smaller types upon which sepa- 
rate species have been founded are to be regarded as the fry of well known larger 
Clupeoids. In this connection it may be pertinent to quote the following extract 
from Dr. A. 8. Woodward’s Catalogue of Fossil Fishes (Part IV, p. 158): 
“The following names are also ascribed to supposed Clupeoids from the Upper 
Kocene of Monte Bolea by P. Lioy (Atti Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat., Vol. viii, 1865, pp. 
411-414), but neither the genera nor species are scientifically defined or recogniz- 
able: Clupea ophthalmica, C. chrysosoma, C. microcephala, C. minutissima, C. cepha- 
us, Uropterina platyrachis, Ptericephalina macrogastrina and P. elongata.” 
The Clupeoids from Monte Bolca which are represented in the collections of 
2 For instance, an undefined species named Clupea leptostea by Agassiz (Neues Jahrbuch, 1835, p. 120) is regarded 
by P. Lioy as type of a distinct genus, Ptericephalina. No illustrations have been published by either of these authors 
or by subsequent writers of the species thus designated, hence the difficulty of determining whether or not it should 
rank as an independent genus or species. 
