20 
having the so-called “Jewish type” of nose is worthy of 
note.* 
The development of hair is, for the most part, good, the majority 
of the men wearing long black beards. The males wear the hair 
of the head long, either loose or tied up into a ** bob” or chignon 
with hair string. This is padded with emu feathers, and is 
utilised to carry in its centre various small articles of use, such 
as flint chips, kangaroo sinew, and the like. The hair of the old 
gins is usually thin on the top of the head, no doubt as the result 
of the wear produced by constantly carrying the food or water 
vessels upon the head. Quite a systematic mode of “doing up” 
the hair was observed among the young gins of the Musgrave 
and Mann Ranges. All the hair is gathered on top of the head 
and tied into a small “bob” above the forehead. A fringe is 
left, which is ornamented with a number of seeds of the blood- 
wood (a species of Zucalyptus) : these are attached by forcing a 
number of hairs into the aperture of the seed and sealing them 
down with a small splint and ant honey (Plate III., fig. 5). 
Quite a series of these seeds dangle side by side from the fringe 
in front of the forehead, and constitute the “dindula.” In some 
instances the old men were noticed to have developed a very 
thick growth of short black hairs down the back. The light 
coloration of the hair of several children of the Ullparidjas was 
a marked feature. 
These natives are of extreme uncleanliness, and they literally 
stink with accumulated filth, for their bodies have never been 
washed since the day of their birth. It must, however, be 
admitted that great and prolonged scarcity of water is one of the 
normal conditions of their lives. Their hair teems with vermin. 
Hours are spent in a manner similar to that which I have seen 
in the case of Ceylon natives and apes in captivity — by one indi- 
vidual searching the other's head for this pest, and deliberately 
placing the captives into his mouth. Most frequently is to be 
seen a mother thus searching her infant’s head. 
Personal Decoration.—Personal decoration does not receive 
much attention. Chest ornamentations that were observed were 
usually in the form of a regular arrangement of circles divided 
horizontally by straight bars, the whole design being drawn 
with the finger in pipe-clay or ashes (see Plate IV., fig. 5). 
Compare, further, the designs on Plate XIL, fig. 3, and 
Plate XX., fig. 4. 
* This has elsewhere been noted by various observers, as E. C. Stirling : 
Anthrop., Horn Exped., p. 15. Professor Spencer points out that this 
similarity is only superficial. Тһе nose, which is sometimes spoken of as 
* Jewish” in type, is not really so. The hair gives also a patriarchal 
appearance. 
