12 
the Eocene exposure at Red Bluff, Shelford. It is distinguished 
from other Australian Balanophyllie by its widely open 
calice, prominent and equal coste, as well as by the raised 
fan-like extensions of the tertiary septa. 
Balanophyllia torta, spec. nov. Pl. xxv., figs. 5a, 0. 
The corallum is free, cylindro-conical, curved, and twisted. 
It tapers gradually at first, and then more rapidly to the 
base, which terminates in a bluntly rounded point. There 
is no trace of adherence. Strictly speaking, therefore, it 
might be placed under Eupsammia, but as it has the habit 
of Balanophyllia I retain it in that genus. 
The wall is cellular, thin at the calicular margin, but 
stouter below. An epitheca of delicate texture covers 1% 
here and there in irregular bands or patches. The coste are 
broad, equal, granular, and traceable on the wall from the 
summit to the base of the corallum. Where the epitheca is 
wanting they consist of raised, prominent ridges. 
The calice is deep, slightly elliptical, and has an irregular, 
cellular margin. In the example figured it is contracted ou 
one side by an inbending and consequent overlapping of the 
wall The septa are moderately stout, porous, highly granu- 
lar, and in six systems with four cycles. The primaries are 
straight and free; the secondaries are either free or join one 
of the tertiaries near the columella. The tertiaries are very 
prominent, are joined by the higher orders at about one- 
fourth from the wall, and then continue to the columella. 
Above this junction they form with the quaternaries a series 
of twelve intra-mural loops, with a small, straight quinary 
in the centre of each. 
The columella is of moderate size, spongy, long, and at the 
bottom of the deep, central fossa. As the wall surrounding 
the ealice is very thin, it is frequently broken down even be- 
low the level of the columella, which then projects in the 
calice, instead of, as in perfect specimens, just showing at 
the base of the fossa. It is easy to understand that a specific 
determination based on such worn material might be alto- 
gether erroneous. 
Height of corallum, 25 mm.; length ob Calico» lil „mm; 
breadth of calice, 9 mm. A taller specimen has a height of 
31 mm., but its wall is broken down in the manner described. 
Originally it must have been at least 36 mm. in height. 
Locality, etc.—In Eocene strata at Cape Otway and Wil- 
kinson's No. 4 locality. Four large examples and seven 
smaller ones. 
The only species likely to be mistaken for B. torta is В. 
Ulrichi, Duncan, which is very abundant in the same beds. 
