73 
The latter can, however, be at once distinguished by the 
small pedicel at the end of the narrow base. 
When dealing with the Australian Balanophylliæ, Duncan 
identified a species found at Cape Otway with B. cylindrica, 
Michelotti, from Turin and Verona.* In 1895 I entrusted 
the late Professor Tate, who was visiting Europe, with select- 
ed examples from my collection of Australian tertiary Bal- 
anophylliæ, for comparison with Duncan's types. . He iden- 
tified all the examples except В. cylindrica, and marked my 
supposed equivalent as “very doubtful" Іп one respect 
only, viz., its pointed base, does B. torta agree with Duncan's 
figures and description of В. cylindrica, but its calice is 
quite dissimilar, being deep, and superficially contracted in- 
stead of shallow and widely open. Either Duncan obtained 
specimens which are not represented in my collection, or, 
what is far more likely, he had before him immature, broken 
specimens of B. torta, or of some species allied to it. 
A figure and description of Balanophyllia (Turbinolia) 
cylindrica, Michel. are given by Michelint, and in remark- 
ing upon the species he says: — Cette espèce est remarquable 
par sa forme tres allongée et cylindrique, ses lamelles et ses 
stries égales, et sa base presque toujours brisee, paraissant 
avoir été adhérente.” This description is certainly not ap- 
plicable to B. torta, while the figure accompanying it is un- 
like any Balanophyllia that I have seen from the Otway 
beds. 
Balanophyllia cauliculata, spec. nov. Vl. xxv., figs. Sa, b. 
The corallum is in outline a cylinder supported upon a 
long, narrow, and slightly oblique stem. It may be com- 
pared to a miniature wineglass with its foot removed. 
'lhere is a small pedicel at the extremity of the stalk-like 
base. The wall is cellular and minutely granular. A dense, 
banded epitheca, with fine encircling lines, covers the stem, 
and a broad band of a finer textured epitheca surrounds a 
constriction of the wall just below the calicular margin. The 
coste are equal, broad, and correspond with the septa ; above 
the epithecal band near the summit of the corallum they are 
prominent and highly cellular, but below this they are only 
faintly traceable on the wall. 
The calice is deep and subelliptical, its major and minor 
axes being in the ratio of 100 to 87. Its margin is narrow 
and very cellular. The septa are delicate, cellular, porous 
near the wall, and finely granular. They are in six systems 
with four cycles. The primaries and secondaries are 
* Q.J.G.8. Vol. xxvi., р. 304, pl. xxi., fig. 7. 
T Icon. Zooph. p. 38, pl. viii., fig. 15. 
