267 
to 45° south-south-west, making a synclinal fold with the 
next hill on its western side. In this synclinal trough, what 
is known as the “hard bed" is seen to overlie the main lime- 
stone. Tt is realiy tough, rather than hard, and is a yellow- 
ish, dolomitie limestone, with calcareous and ferruginous 
shales. This outcrop of dolomitic stone is abuut a chain 
wide. The beds dip south-south-west at 30° on the eastern 
Side, and at a distance of fifty yards the dip changes to 
south-south-east at 20°. The dolomitic beds cross the 
stream in Section 507, passing under hard, siliceous, purple 
slates, which are exposed in a thick face on the southern 
banks of the river and have a dip of 20° south-south-east. 
In the same section (507) another thick face cf the main 
limestone is seen on the site of an old quarry. Here the dip 
reverts to the south-west. From this point the beds con- 
tinue to exhibit gentle anticlinal and synclinal foldings in 
their westward extension; with the effect that the limestone is 
cut out on the boundary of Sections 506-507, and the lower 
beds of siliceous limestones form the outcrop. 
Near the western boundary of Section 506, and within a 
quarter of a mile of the old smelting mill, a well-marked 
fault occurs. The fault has a strike north-east and south- 
west, with a hade to the north-west. On the eastern side the 
beds form an anticline, and have a sharp downthrow against 
the fault at 65°, whilst on the west side the dip is only 10% 
to (?) east-north-east. 
For about half a mile from the fault the valley runs more 
in a line with the strike of the beds, and exhibits fine ex- 
amples of strike folding. In Section 574 a great anticlinal 
fold occurs which is one of the most striking features of the 
geological section. (See Plate xxxvii) The stream makes а 
sudden turn at the spot, and has cut back the cliff in an 
almost perpendicular face of one hundred and fifty feet, in 
siliceous limestones. The eastern limb of the antictine Баз a 
dip of 30°, and the western about 20°. Apparently there 
is a sharp bend or fracture in the beds, near the axis of the 
anticline, where the beds pass suddenly from a higher to a 
lower angle of dip. In consequence of the stream turning 
almost at righu angles at this point, it has exposed, north and 
south, as well as east and west, sections of the beds. The 
latter, or main anticline, shows the folding in the direction 
of the dip; whilst the north-and-south section gives an in- 
structive example of folding along the line of sirike. These 
are typical examples of (һе local disturbances of the strata 
and are good illustrations of the diffieulty which often pre- 
sents itself of distinguishing the direction of dip from strike 
amidst the complex folding which has taken place. 
