96 PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [Feb. 23, 



The interior between Point Levi and St. Henry on the River Et- 

 chenim for the first third of the distance rests upon green and red 

 clay-slate with very thin layers of sandstone, as far as soil and herbage 

 will allow of inspection ; but about this point we cross small scrubby 

 eminences of sandstone, in parts so coarse as to be a puddingstone 

 of large white quartz-pebbles ; but sometimes it is slaty and fine- 

 grained, without a nodule visible, and of a pale green colour ; at others 

 its base is dark green, and full of black, white, and red quartz-pebbles, 

 with an occasional bit of red felspar. The common dip is S.E., at 

 an angle of 70°, but this is with many inflections, as before said. 



These eminences of quartzose conglomerate are continuations of 

 those which I saw near St. Thomas, thirty-five miles, as well as at 

 Kamouraska, ninety miles east of Quebec, and which Logan traced 

 as an anticlinal axis to the River du Loup, 130 or more miles from 

 Quebec. 



In the remainder of the distance from Point Levi to St. Henry 

 clay-slate is in great force, but intercalated with greenish sandstone, 

 in broader sheets ; and, nearer to St. Henry, with pale crystalline 

 limestones. 



The River Etchenim, from St. Henry to its junction with the St. 

 Lawrence, only exhibits the same facts. At this village, the shallow 

 but broad river is traversed by bands of black and green clay-slates 

 (hard and smooth enough to be used as hones), with a south-eastern 

 dip, and alternating in thin beds with a highly conchoid translucent 

 greenish-grey quartz-rock, dotted with grains of hyaline and opaque 

 quartz. At the Falls, a little below St. Henry, the clay-slate is mi- 

 nutely interleaved with crystalline brown limestone and granular sand- 

 stone. These strata are much inflected and displaced ; but their 

 ordinary dip is S.S.E. at angles of 50° to 70°. At the mouth of the 

 Etchemin the strike is E.b.S., dip N.b.E. 



Lauzon cliff. — By retui'ning to the south shore of the St. Law- 

 rence opposite to Quebec, we shall see that the Hudson River group 

 is much more complex than the encumbered state of the interior 

 permits us to discover. The steeps and cliffs, and the beach about 

 Lauzon and Point Levi, are principally composed of dark blue, 

 brown, and green clay-slates, weathering into shales. They are of 

 very fine texture, sharp-edged, and, when dark-coloured, abound in 

 Gt'aptolites. 



But the slate is much seamed (and irregularly) with thin beds of 

 pale crystalline unfossiliferous limestone (that of Quebec), with various 

 sandstones, and seven kinds of conglomerates, — all in the space 

 of a few hundred yards around the Lauzon Pier, as visible either on 

 the beach or in the cliffs. These almost endless repetitions I have 

 traced for fourteen miles eastward, to Beaumont ; and less carefully 

 for seventy-five miles further down the St. Lawrence ; while west- 

 wards, up the river, they are to be noticed more or less, according 

 to the nature of the ground, up to the limits of our district. 



The strikes and dips are best learnt from the accompanying Map. 



The seven conglomerates are all calcareous in their nodules and 



