204 





US .** 



PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



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or depth, which are more or 

 less in connection with the 

 sea. On the larger islands 

 the rocky surface of the hills 

 is very thinly and partially 

 covered with " red earth*," 

 mixed in varying proportions 

 with vegetable matter. This 

 scanty soil is fertile, if well 

 used. When uncleared, it is 

 covered with bush and forest 

 trees. There are also sandy 

 tracks termed " pine -bar- 

 rens," where the bush sud- 

 denly disappears and the 

 palmettoes become fewer in 

 number, though enough re- 

 main to exhibit an inter- 

 mixture of Pines and Palms, 

 respectively typical of the 

 northern and southern 

 florasf . The lowest portions 

 of the flat grounds frequently 

 contain small brackish water 

 or salt lakes. In the chalk- 

 marsh of xlndros Island, how- 

 ever, there is a freshwater 

 lake, with three streams as 

 its outlets ; and it appears 

 that there is no other fresh- 

 water lake or stream* in the 

 Bahamas. 



Capt. Nelson has devoted 

 Section 7. Part I. of his Me- 

 moir to observations relative 

 to the occurrence of fresh 

 water in the Bahamas, and 

 supplies an illustrative dia- 

 gram and tables. It appears 

 that, from the universally 

 porous character of the con- 

 stituent rock of the islands, 



* See notice of this earth 

 further on, p. 208. 



t See Humboldt's ' Kosmos,' 

 §. Geography of Plants. Schom- 

 burgk mentions the occurrence of 

 Pines and Palms growing together 

 in St. Domingo ; — see his Visit to 

 the Valley of Constanza, Athe- 

 naeum Journal, No. 1291. p. 797. 



