﻿KRAUSS ON SOME FOSSILS FROM THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE. 121 



sandstone, 20-24 feet* in thickness, on the horizontal beds of which 

 lay an undulating bed of gravel of variegated sandstone from 6 to 7 

 feet thick. Here, and especially in the bed of the river, occurred 

 Lyrodon Herzogii and L. conocardiiformis in such perfection as I 

 have nowhere else seen, and in so great profusion that some beds 

 were nearly altogether composed of these shells. This formation, 

 however, has a still more extensive development lower down the river, 

 in the neighbourhood of H. Buckenroder's residence. 



A stratum, 4 feet thick, which especially contains both species 

 of Lyrodon, but mostly in a worn and imperfect condition, here also 

 forms the base ; and resting on it in the following order are : — 

 Harcl Greensandstone, coloured by its contained iron, fos- feet. in. 



siliferous in its lowermost beds, about 60 



Weathered Greensandstone 10 



Hard, alternating in thin beds with weathered, Green- 

 sandstone 6 



Greensandstone, coloured by iron and fossiliferous 1| 



Weathered Greensandstone 15 



Hard Greensandstone, but without fossils 1 4 



Hard ferruginous Greensandstone, very rich in fossils, 

 among which Astarte Herzogii, Exogyra imbricata, 

 Anoplomya lutraria, and Lyrodon ventricosus are par- 

 ticularly abundant 1 6 



Loam and weathered rock 12 



Gravel of variegated sandstone, for the most part ce- 

 mented into a loose conglomerate by newer marine 



limestone , 6 to 30 



The stone of the lower fossiliferous beds is tolerably hard, greyish, 

 sometimes greenish, very rich in fragments of shells, all of which, as 

 well as the perfect shells, are changed into calc-spar, or, if the rock 

 be loose and crumbly, they are white, and as it were calcined. In 

 these beds we find Lyrodon Herzogii, L. conocardiiformis, L. ventri- 

 cosus, a Mytilus with a sharp keel running from the umbo to the 

 hinder extremity and a truncated flat surface from this keel to the 

 ventral border, a Pinna, two species of Ostrea, one of which is 

 strongly ribbed, the other smooth and laminated, and some other 

 smaller undetermined bivalves. 



The stone of the upper fossiliferous beds is hard, coloured reddish- 

 grey by oxide of iron, and likewise rich in shell-fragments, which, 

 together with the perfect shells, have usually a red-brown colour. 

 In these beds occur Astarte Herzogii, A. Bronnii, Anoplomya lu- 

 traria, Exogyra imbricata, Lyrodon ventricosus, Cucullcea cancellata, 

 Gervillia dentata, a Natical, and some undetermined bivalves. 



A rock somewhat different from those just described occurs in the 

 neighbourhood of the Salt-lakes, one of which lies between the 

 Zwartkops and the Koega llivers, at about 150 feet above the sea, 

 the other between Uitenhage and Port Elizabeth, at about 30 to 

 40 feet above the sea. This rock is very small in quantity, at the 

 latter place only 3 to 4 inches thick, dirty grey, quartzy and 



* German measurements are retained in this translation. 



