186 
DJI. J. RAE ON THE BIRDS AND MAMMALS 
Lastly, I give two illustrations which will convey an idea of 
some of my ant-nests. 
That on p. 129 represents about a quarter of one of my frames. 
The shaded part represents the earth, which will be seen to have 
been arranged by the ants into a sort of circular fortification, or 
zereba, access to which is obtained by one or two tunnels, not 
visible in the illustration, and to which a pathway leads from the 
entrance. 
The second (facing this page) represents a nest of Lasius niger. 
It shows the entrance, a vestibule, and two chambers, in the outer 
and larger one of which the ants have left some pillars, almost 
as if to support the roof. The queen is surrounded by workers, 
those in her immediate neighbourhood all having their faces 
turned towards her. There is a group of pupae, and several of 
larvae, sorted as usual according to ages. There are also a number 
of the blind woodlice (Platgarthrus Hojfmanseggii). 
Notes on some of the Birds and Mammals of the Hudson’s Bay 
Company’s Territory, and of the Arctic Coast of America. 
By John Bae, M.D., LL.D., F.R.S., &c. (Communicated by 
G-. J. Romanes, F.L.S.) 
[Read 16th February, 1888.] 
Dubing twenty years’ residence in various parts of the Hudson’s 
Bay Company’s Territory, embracing the extreme south of the 
shores of James’s and Hudson’s Bays, and north to the Arctic 
Sea, I have had, as a sportsman, many opportunities of devoting 
considerable attention to the habits and peculiarities of animals, 
especially birds, over a very extensive field of observation, the 
result of which I shall attempt to give in the following remarks, 
some of which may possibly be new, other points disputed or 
perhaps already well known. 
My first ten years were spent at Moose Factory, the principal 
depot of the Hudson’s Bay Company in the Southern Depart- 
ment, lat. 51° N., long. 81° W., where the marshes along the 
coast form the favourite feeding-grounds of a variety of geese, 
ducks, &c. on their migrations to and from their breeding-places 
in the north. A great part of my spare time at these seasons, 
spring and autumn, was spent in shooting these birds, and at 
the same time acquiring some knowledge of their peculiarities. 
