268 
BEY. J. T. GTTLICK ON DIVES GENT EVOLUTION 
“ "With what logic, it may be urged, do you invite us to accept 
a great extension of the Aino race in early Japan, when it is 
a physiological fact, vouched for by so high an authority as 
Dr. Baelz, that there is little or no trace of Aino blood in 
the Japanese people P In reply to this some would perhaps 
quote such examples as New England, whence the Indians have 
vanished, leaving nought behind them but their place-names. In 
Japan, however, the circumstances are different from those of 
New England. There has undoubtedly been constant inter- 
marriage between tbe conquerors and the native race upon the 
Aino border. We can infer this from history. Those who have 
travelled in Yezo know it by personal experience to-day. Never- 
theless, these intermarriages may well consist with the absence 
of any trace of Aino blood in the population. As a matter of 
fact, the Northern Japanese, in wdiose veins there should be most 
Aino blood, are no whit hairier than their compatriots in Central 
and Southern Japan. Anyone may convince himself of this by 
looking at the coolies (almost all Nambu or Tsugaru men) 
working in the Hakodate streets during the summer months, 
when little clothing is worn. But the paradox is only on the 
surface. The fact is that the half-castes die out — a fate which 
seems, in many quarters of the world, to follow the miscegenation 
of races of widely divergent physique. That this is the true 
explanation of the phenomenon was suggested to the present 
writer’s mind by a consideration of the general absence of 
children in the half-breed Aino families of his acquaintance. 
Thus, of four brothers in a certain village where he staid, three 
have died leaving widows without male children, and with only 
one or two little girls between the three. The fourth has 
children of both sexes ; but they suffer from affections of the 
chest and from rheumatism. Mr. Batchelor, whose opportunities 
for observation have been unsually great, concurs in considering 
this explanation as sufficient as it is simple. There are scores of 
mixed marriages every year. There are numerous half-breeds 
born of these marriages. But the second generation is almost 
barren; and such children as are born — whether it be from two 
half-breed parents, or from one half-breed parent and a member 
of either pure race, are generally weakly. In the third or 
fourth generation the family dies out. It may be added that 
the half-breeds have a marked tendency to baldness, and that 
their bodies are much less hairy than those of the genuine 
