ON THE ZOOLOGY OF FERNANDO NORONHA. 
473 
Notes on the Zoology of Fernando Noronha. 
By H. N. Ridley, M.A., F.L.S. 
[Eeacl 7th June, 1888.] 
(Plate XXX.) 
Introduction. 
On July 9th, 1887, the writer, with Mr. Gr. A. Ramage, of 
Edinburgh, started for Brazil to thoroughly explore the island 
of Fernando Noronha, lying in long. 32° 25' 30” W. and lat. 
3° 50' 10" S., at a distance of 194 miles N.E. from Cape San 
Roque, coast of Brazil. On arriving at Pernambuco we were 
joined by the Rev. T. S. Lea, who came as a volunteer at his own 
expense. The cost of the expedition was defrayed by the Royal 
Society. After some delay at Pernambuco we embarked in the 
‘ Nasmyth ’ steamship, trading to Liverpool, which was permitted 
to land us at the island, as the regular steamer trading between 
Pernambuco and Fernando Noronha was detained for a long time 
just as she was due to start. We arrived at our destination on 
August 14th, and remained there till September 24th, when we 
returned by the little Brazilian steamer to the mainland. We 
occupied ourselves in exploring, and in collecting plants, animals, 
and rock-specimens in all parts of the main islands, and visited 
also most of the other islets which were accessible ; but owing 
to the absence of boats, which, on account of the convict-station, 
are not permitted on the island, we were unable to obtain much 
by dredging. The coral-reefs, however, at low tide afforded an 
abundant harvest of marine animals and plants. 
Having in the ‘Introduction’ to my “Notes on the Botany 
of Fernando Noronha,” printed in the ‘ Journal of the Linnean 
Society ’ (Botany, vol. xxvii.p. 1), given a detailed account of the 
group of islands of which this is the chief, as well as a history of 
its discovery by Amerigo Vespucci in 1503, it will be unnecessary 
to repeat what has there been stated. For the better under- 
standing, however, of the special reports on Zoology which are 
now furnished, the following extracts from the Introduction 
referred to may be found useful. 
Vespucci’s description of the trees and innumerable birds 
is evidently correct, though most of the trees are destroyed, 
and the birds far less abundant than they were then. The 
lizards with two tails may have been a confusion of the 
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