448 PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [June 19, 



II. TMs form is unlike any other from the British and Belgian 

 crag deposits, and does not resemble any species from the Sicilian 

 Tertiary deposits, from the Miocene of Western Europe, from the 

 Eocene of England and the Paris basin, or from the littoral or deep- 

 sea zones of the North Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea. 



The closest approach in structural resemblance is in the instance 

 of Trochocyatlius meridionalis, Duncan*, which is a characteristic 

 coral of the mid-tertiary deposits of Australia ; the dense epitheca 

 of the crag form distinguishes it at once ; and the difference thus 

 determined is specific. 



The Trochocyathi of the type of TrochocyaiJius Burnesl, D'Archiac, 

 from the Nummulitic strata of Sindh, and the subhemispherical Tro- 

 cliocyathi from the British Gault and Oolites foreshadowed the pecu- 

 liar species iinder consideration. 



The genus TrocJiocyathtis has not yielded any recent species as 

 yet ; and the dredgings and searchings of the littoral and sublittoral 

 zones of the British coasts have not produced a specimen. M. de 

 Poiirtales describes, with an expression of doubt, a worn coral from 

 the Florida region as a recent member of the genus. 



The distinctive characters of the new species are the dense epitheca, 

 the small and prominent columella, and the inverted calicular margin. 



III. The new species from the Red Crag belongs to the solitary or 

 simple type of Madreporaria, which does not contribute forms to 

 coral reefs. It may be compared with the broad-based Caryophyllice 

 of the Devonshire sublittoral zone in a technological sense ; and it 

 was probably a dweller in shallow water, on roclis where there was 

 no mud accumulating. 



The coral fauna of the Upper Tertiaries of England consists of six 

 species : — 



1. S'plienotrochus intermedins, Miinster, sp. 



2. Trocliocyathus anglicus, Duncan. 



3. Flabellum Woodii, Ed. & Haime. 



4. Cryptangia Woodii, Ed. & Haime. 



5. Balanophyllia calyctdus, Wood. 



6. Solenastrcea Prestwichi, Duncan. 



SphenotrocJius intermedius, under a variety of S3'nonyms, exists oif 

 Cornwall, the west coast of Ireland, and Arran. It is a very common 

 species in the Bay of Tangier, in the Straits of Gibraltar. 



Trocliocyathus anglicus, Duncan, is not represented, so far as the 

 results of recent explorations tend to prove, in the existing European 

 coral fauna. 



Flahellum Woodii, Ed. & H., is represented by a fine Flabellum 

 which is found in the neighbourhood of Cape Spartel, in the S.W. 

 of Spain, in deep water. The curious Cryptangia Woodii, Ed. & H., 

 belongs to a genus which appears to have become extinct during the 

 age of the Crag. 



There are many species of BalanopJiylUa in the JSTorth-Atlantic 

 and Mediterranean area and on our coasts ; and the Crag form indi- 

 cates great vigour of coral life and abundance of food. It is extinct, 

 * Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. xxvi. p. 296, pi. xix. fig. 2. 



