38' MR. A. W. WATERS ON THE MARINE 



but from Lamouroux's figure of cristata nothing can be made out ; however, 

 Michelin, Haime, and Gregory have given figures of what they believed was 

 the Apsendesia cristata. Haime thought that the two genera must be united, 

 while Gregory* considers that they should be united as one species, but since 

 Pelaqia clypeata, Lamx., occurs, from various localities, as a complete and 

 mature species I cannot at present accept this view. Perhaps it would be 

 most reasonable to retain Defrancia, but time will show, and in this group, 

 in all cases with which I am acquainted, the ovicell is near the border of the 

 zoarium. 



In a specimen of " Actinopora regularis," d'Orb., which I collected from 

 St. Croix, Switzerland, the locality from which d'Orbigny described it, there 

 is fortunately an ovicell extending from one ray to the next and not very 

 large. The ovicell was not previously known, and my specimen is as good 

 as a co-type, and shows that it is not Lichenopora but Defrancia, if this name 

 is retained. 



For a long time, while progress was being made with the classification of 

 the Cheilostomata, that of the Gyclostomata seemed most hopeless, but now 

 that more is being learnt about the ovicells and other characters, there is 

 every reason to hope that the collection and study of more species will make 

 the classification more natural. 



Harmer in his ' Siboga' Report, received after the above descriptions were 

 written, considers that Lichenopora should be used for what we have so long 

 understood by this name, and Pergens, Ganu, and others have expressed the 

 same opinion. 



hoc. Madeira {Johnson, Norman) ; St. Vincent, Cape Verde Islands, 

 collected by Crossland per diver. 



LlCHENOrORA IRREGULARIS, var. COMPOSITA, var. 110V. (PI. 4. figs. 1, 4.) 



This is the bi-multiserial form mentioned as occurring on the same stone as 

 L. irregularis, Johnson, and about which I have been in doubt as to whether 

 the two forms should be united as one species. The subcolonies are some- 

 what larger than those of the uniserial form, and the zooecia, usually 

 without any spines, are less raised, but otherwise they seem similar. 



Flustrella hispida (Fabricius), Gray. 



For synonyms see Miss Jelly's Catalogue, and add : — 



Flustrella hispida, Prouho, " Reeherches sur la larve de la Flustrella hispida," Arch, de 

 Zool. Exp6r. et Gener. 2nd ser. vol. viii. (1890); Robertson, "Bryozoa," Harriman Alaska 

 Exped., Proc. Wash. Ac. Sc. vol. ii. (1900) p. 331 ; Nordgaard, Hydr. and Biol. Invest, in 

 Norwegian Fiords, p. 173 (1905). 



Only a very small piece was found, but it was enough for certain deter- 

 mination. This is widely distributed in northern seas, and is common on the 



* " Jurassic Bry.," Cat. Fossil Bry. in Brit. Mus. p. 171 (1890). 



