OF THE SELENARIAD/E, CONESCHARELLINID.E, ETC. 411 



op. cit. vol. vii. p. 38 (5) (1898); Bri. STeog\ della Oalabrie, p. 168 (1900); Bri. Terz. ed 

 Postterz. p. 362 (1900); "Bri. foss. di Carrabare," Bull. Son. Geel. Ital. vol. xxiii. p. 552 

 (1905) ; Canu, Bry. foss. de 1' Argentine," Ann. del Mus. Nac. de Buenos Aires, vol. xvii. 

 p. 275. pi. 5. figs. 8-10 (1908) ; "Bry. foss. France," vol. xiii. pp. 124, 128 (1913) ; op. cit. 

 ser. 4. vol. xvi. p. 137, pi. 3. figs. 4, 5, 6 (1917). 



Membranipora canariensis, Smitt, Floridan Bry. pt. 2, p. 10, figs. 69-71 (1873). 



Cupularia (/uineensis, Busk, B. M. Oat. pt. 2, p. 98, pi. 114 (1854); Zool. Chall. Exped. 

 vol. x. p. 200, pi. 14. fig. 6 (1884); Norman, "Poly. Madeira," p. 289, pi. 37. figs. 2-0 

 (1909) ; Osburn " Bry. of the Tortugas Isl," Pub. Carnegie Inst. 182, p. 194 (1914). 



Lunulites canariensis, Manzoni, '•' Mioc. d'Aust." p. 72 (24), pi. 17. fig. 50 (1877). 



Cupularia canariensis, as shown by stained sections, has at the base a series 

 of parallel chambers (PI. 29. figs. 1, 2, 1) filled with granular substance, and 

 with a connection from each chamber to its neighbours, through rosette- 

 plates (see page 400). These chambers must surely be homologous with 

 those of Conescharellina, as seen in C. philippinensis, angulupora, etc., even 

 though the shape is somewhat different. In whole stained preparations of 

 C. canariensis these chambers can be seen at the base forming squares or 

 rectangles (PI. 29. fig. 5), yet in many cases the calcareous zoarium shows 

 no sign of these squares, but only the radial lateral ridges meeting in the 

 centre of the lower wall. 



Careful examination, however, often shows the cross lines in some places, 

 where only the more distinct radial lines are seen at first, and in some fossil 

 forms the squares can clearly be distinguished, so that this is a character 

 which must be dealt with cautiously. 



No ovicells are known in Cupularia, but there are ova and large embryos 

 shown in sections, from which it is clear that they emerge directly without 

 passing into any external ovicell. In C. canariensis there are 14 tentacles, 

 the same as in C. Johnsoni. 



I have on several occasions maintained that C. canariensis and C.guineensis 

 are synonyms, and Norman*, agreeing with me in their identity, wishes to 

 take Busk's earlier name of guineensis; but Canu, considering that canariensis 

 has been universally used for half a century, and that for both these the 

 author is the same, considers we should retain the name canariensis. Canu 

 also thinks that the figure of canariensis was good, whereas that of guineensis 

 was bad Having several times compared the British Museum specimens, 

 it does not seem that we must speak of a bad figure, though in the 

 specimens there may be in parts the structure as figured in canariensis as 

 well as that of guineensis, and I agree with Canu in thinking we should retain 

 the name canariensis, which lias often been well described. Should other 

 characters be found in guineensis, it will be open to re-consider the name. 



Log. Madeira ; Canaries, 80-250 met. (Calvet) ; Florida (Smitt); Tortuoas 

 (Oshurn) ; Cape Blanc (Calvet); Liberia; Philippine Is.; New Guinea; 



* Linn. Soc. Journ,, Zool. vol. xxx. p. 289 (1909). 



3X* 



