414 MR. A. W. WATERS ON THE RELATIONSHIPS 



embryos (about 0*5 mm. long) nearly fill the zooecial chambers. They are 

 about the same size as in C. canariensis. The under surface of the Oran 

 specimens are spinous (PI. 29. fig. 17), but in a fossil from Rhodes the under 

 surface is uneven, rather mamillate than spinous, and a fossil from Moute 

 Mario, near Rome, is almost plain underneath. 



This was, no doubt, first met with by d'Orbigny, who called it Discofustra 

 doma, but it was not figured, and the description was insufficient for 

 recognition, though now having specimens from the same locality as 

 d'Orbigny, with the " dessous tres rugeux comme epineux," we may feel 

 practically certain as to the identity, though as Busk first gave it a recog- 

 nisable description it must be called Johnson!. 



More than one mistake has been caused through d'Orbigny creating the 

 genus Discojiustrellaria, with the species doma (probably Lunulites), and also 

 Disco flustrella with the species doma. 



Loc. Madeira; Mediterranean; Oran, Algiers ( Waters 8f Canu), 152fath.; 

 Benzert Road, Tangier, and Bas el Amourh, 45 fath. (all Brit. Mus.). 



Fossil. Castelarquato, Bruccoli, Rhodes (Pliocene) ; Ravagnex (Nev.~), 

 Amato (Ifev.), Benestare (Seg.), Tortonian ; Terreti (Seg.) ; Leognan, 

 Grironde, Prance (Burdigalien) (Canu). 



Cupularia umbellata (Defrance). 



Lunulites umbellata, Defrance, Diet, des Sc. Nat. vol. xxvii. p. 361 (1823). 



Lunulites urceolata, Blamville, Man. d'Actin. ou de Zoopliytologie, p. 449, pi. 72. tig. 1 

 (1834). 



Biscoporella umbellata, d'Orb. Pal. Fr. p. 473, pi. 717. figs. 1-5 (1850-2). 



Diseoporella Beradana, d'Orb. he. cit. p. 474. 



Lunulites Haidinyeri, Reuss, Foss. Polyp. desWien. Tert. p. 58, pi. 7. figs. 26, 27 (1847). 



Cuyularia Iluidiuyeri, Manzoni, " Mioe. d'Aust." p. 71 (23), pi. 16. fig. 51 (1877) ; Cauu, 

 " Bry. loss. France," vol. xiii. pp. 124, 125, 128 (1913; ; p. 320 (1915) ; op. cit. vol. xvi. 

 p. 138 (1917). 



Cupularia umbellata, Manzoni, " Bri. l'lioc. Ital." pt. 1, p. 26 (10), pi. 2. fig. 16 (1869) ; 

 " Bri. del Plioc. Ant. di Castrocaro," p. 39, pi. 5. fig. 67 (1875); Smitt, "FloridanBryozoa," 

 p. 14, pi. 3. tigs. 75-80 (at least 79, 80) (1873) ; ? Hindis, "Poly, and Hyd. of the Mergui ' 

 Archipelago," Juiirn. Linn. Soc. vol. xxi. p. 125 (1887) ; Seguenza, " Terz. Reggio." pp. 131, 

 296,871 (1879); Calvet, Exp^d. Sc. du ' Travailleur ' et du 'Talisman,' vol. viii. p. 393 

 (1907) ; Canu, •' Bry. foss. de 1' Argentine," Ann. del Mus. Nac. de Buenos Aires, vol. xvii. 

 (ser. 3, vol. x.) p. 275, pi. 5. figs. 4, 5 (1908); "Bry. foss. France,'' ser. 4, vol. ix. p. 448 

 (1909) ; vol. xiii. p. 130 (1913) ; vol. xiv. p. 322 ; vol. xv. p. 332 (1916) ; vol. xvi. p. 137 

 (1917); Neviani, Boll. Soc. Rom. per gli Studi Zool. vol. iv. p. 243 (1895); *"Bri. foss. dell a 

 Farnesina" (pars), Pal. Ital. vol. i. p. 101 (1895) ; Canu, "Bri. Plelv. de l'Egypte," Mem. 

 Inst. Egyptien, vol. vi. p. 205 (1912). 



When the frontal calcareous wall is partly broken down there is 

 resemblance to C. denticulata, which has sometimes caused confusion between 



* I am unable to accept all his synonyms. 



