OF THE SELENARIAD..E, OONESCHARELLINIDJi, ETC. 415 



the two, bnt specimens of fossil umbellata from the Pliocene of S. Gemig- 

 nana, near Siena (one of which is flat and must have been at any rate 25 mm. 

 in diameter, while another is more raised and is 8 mm. diameter), show that 

 the proximal part of the oral aperture is a calcareous bar or wall, often 

 directed upwards, while near each end there is a small ridge or tooth, and 

 the frontal wall has a row of large pores near the border, with smaller oues 

 in the central portion. A part of the zoarium, not quite at the centre of the 

 large piece, has a thick wall over the front with few small pores and 

 sometimes with no opercular aperture. This structure is the same as that of 

 the central zooecia. 



(Specimens I collected from the Antwerp Crag, and consider to be 

 denticitlata, have no calcareous wall up to the proximal end of the oral 

 aperture, except in a few cases near the centre of the zoarium, where there 

 are 4—5 very large pores and not a row round the border. The denticles 

 are large and stout, whereas in the broken down umbellata mentioned they 

 are much more numerous and smaller. 



C. umbellata*, as described, differs from C. Lowei in having regular zoaria 

 instead of irregular and lobed-shaped ones, as well as in some zooecial 

 characters. A new genus must probably be created for C. Lowei, C. umbel- 

 lata, etc. 



Loc. Florida (Smiti) ; Canaries {(.'cum); Cape Verde Islands, 1900 met. 

 (Calvet) ; Mergui Archipelago (jEKncki). 



Fossil. Oligocene and Miocene : France; Miocene: Austria and Hungary ; 

 Pliocene : Crescentino, Bordighera, Siena (A. W.) ; Rhodes.* Burdigalian, 

 Helvetian, Tortonian, Plaisancian, Astian, Sicilian, and Quaternary of Italy. 

 Bahia-Blanca, Argentine (Canii). 



Selenaria concinna, Tenison Woods. (PI. 30. figs. 7-10.) 



Selenaria conchma, Tc Woods, Trans. Phil. Soc. of Adelaide, vol. iii. p. 10, pi. 2. 

 figs, lln-11 c (1880); Waters, "JST. S. Wales," p. 201, pi. 5. fig. 11 (1887) ; MacGillivray, 

 " Tert. Vict." p. 48, pi. 7. fig. 10 (1895). 



At the distal end of the vibraculum there is an incomplete ring attached 

 by a kind of stalk at one side of the vibraculum. This is seen in fig. 8, with 

 the zoarium somewhat tilted so as to look into the opening. The base of the 

 seta works upon this incomplete ring and the muscles pass through the ring. 

 1 1 spoke of this ring in -S'. concinna, Busk as a tubular projection and also 

 figured it. 



* Pergens in his " Bry. von Rliodos," p. 30, gives the synonyms of umbellata. and on the 

 next page after " non " gives a list of species not to be placed under umbellata. Miss Jelly 

 unfortunately seems to have overlooked the "non,'' and in her Catalogue makes Pergens 

 responsible for placing five of these species under umbellata. 



t " N.S. Wales,'' p. 201, pi. 5. fig. 11 (1887). 



