72 The Philippine Journal of Science 1913 



inner border of the great sigrmoid cavity is niore prominent than normal. 

 The great sigmoid cavity itself is broad and transversely divided by a 

 narrow, shallow depression, the normal longitudinal ridge being absent. 

 The tubercle below the coronoid process on the anterior surface of the 

 bone is missing. The olecranon process measures 2.6 centimeters in height, 

 while the coronoid process measures 2.7 centimeters in its anteroposterior 

 diameter. 



Radius. — Not less remarkable changes are present in the upper end of 

 this bone. On its anterior surface is a wide, slightly concave, rather 

 quadrilateral facet which articulates with the capitulum of the humerus. 

 This facet measures 1.7 by 1.5 centimeters. On the inner side of the 

 upper end is another semicircular facet which extends from the top 

 of the extremity downward and is directed inward and backward for the 

 articulation with the equally semilunar articular surface located at the 

 outer side of the head of the ulna. This facet measures 1.1 centimeters 

 in its greatest diameter. Back of the upper end of the bone there are 

 more or less irregular projections, the edges of which form an obtuse angle 

 facing downward and inward. The external side of the head is represented 

 by the prominent border of the quadrilateral facet. The neck is more 

 slender than normal and anteriorly flattened, the tuberosity beyond being 

 more prominent than usual. 



Knee joint. — In the deformity of this joint the tibia and the fibula are 

 concerned, the femur being apparently well shaped. 



The femur bears the normal anatomical characteristics, the only excep- 

 tion is the thickness of the articular surfaces of both condyles which 

 appear to be visibly chondroid. The inner condyle measures 5.8 by 2 centi- 

 meters. The outer condyle measures 6 by 2.5 centimeters. 



Distance between tuberosities is 7 centimeters. 



Distance between inner tuberosity and internal border of outer condyle, 

 3 centimeters. 



Distance between outer tuberosity and external border of outer condyle, 

 2.5 centimeters. 



Intercondylar notch, 2.6 centimeters in width and 2.5 centimeters in 

 depth. 



The tibia is the most deformed of the three bones. The condyles of 

 the upper end of the bone are not on the same level, the median condyle 

 being much lower than the lateral. The articular surface of the median 

 condyle is more concave from before backward and from side to side 

 than normally; its edge is rounded anteriorly; the lateral condyle is 

 flat and smaller than the median one; its articular surface is moderately 

 convex from backward and from side to side; at the mid-line the articular 

 surfaces of both condyles fuse together to form a very slight elevation 

 which represents the spine. 



Both condyles are markedly inclined backward, overhanging the shaft 

 of the bone so that a prominent projection is formed protruding back- 

 ward for a distance of 1.5 centimeters. Located inferiorly and laterally 

 is an irregular semicircular facet on the edge of the median condyle to 

 be articulated with a similar facet on the head of the fibula. In front 

 is a transverse, oval tubercle. On both sides, the condyles overhang 

 the shaft. The articular surface measure 6.5 by 4.5 centimeters. Dis- 

 tance between the tuberosities is 7.2 centimeters. The whole articular 

 surface is also apparently cartilaginous. 



