298 BULLETIN OF THE NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



Emanu El, Fifth avenue, a costly Saracenic piece of 

 architecture ; in the chaste and elegant gothic pile of the 

 Collegiate Reformed church. Fifth avenue and Forty-eighth 

 street, and in several other large church buildings. The 

 stone in the tower of the Forty-eighth street church is dark- 

 colored through the accumulation of soot and dust. The 

 stone in the Fifth Avenue Presbyterian, also from the New- 

 ark quarries, shows the presence of some argillaceous seams 

 and small pockets, which have begun to crumble and have 

 required repairs. 



The most popular of the New Jersey sandstone (free- 

 stone) come from the Belleville quarries. And some of the 

 dealers report the demand for the finer grade of ** liver-rock" 

 of these quarries as steadily in excess of the supply. The 

 more noteworthy buildings in which Belleville stone has 

 been used are mentioned in the list at the end of this sec- 

 tion. The stone is generally dressed with fine-tooled or 

 pointed surfaces, but in some of the newer constructions 

 rock-face blocks are used and in regular courses and with 

 the dressed stone for trimming. Several ornate church 

 buildinofson Madison avenue show the Belleville stone effect- 

 ively, and to its advantage, as compared with other brown 

 sandstones, which have been so largely employed, especially 

 in the construction of churches in the upper part of the city. 



For domestic architecture these New Jersey sandstones 

 have not been employed to the extent comparable to that of 

 the Connecticut brownstone, and their principal use has 

 been in the construction of public buildings, and not for 

 facings and fronts. Quarry conditions and transportation 

 rates have combined to limit their use in New York. 



The Massachusetts red and brown sandstones, quarried 

 near Springfield, in the Connecticut valley, and known in 

 the market as East Longmeadow sandstone, although intro- 

 duced recently, have become favorites with architects and 

 builders, and have found a large demand. On account of 

 their uniformity in color and the ease with which they are 



