(»\ I UK USK OF STONK IN ( IIIKS 307 



littU; Is laid on [)ri\'atc tlwcllini^-housL-s in the more com- 

 pactK-huill (lislrifis of the city. The hhi(:-l)lack slates of the 

 Han^'or aiul Slatini^loii regions of Xorlhainplon and l.ehigh 

 counties in renns\l\'aiiia; the ijreen and th«' xaric'dted red 

 and oTeen. and the {)ur[)le shites of X'erniont : and. thc! red. 

 i^reen and purple slates of WashiuL^lon count}', are the 

 leadiuij' \ari(,:ties in this market. 1 he retl slaie of \\ ash- 

 ino['ton count\' is nuich esteemed. commandiuL; hi.L;h prices, 

 and is em[)lo\-ed \n the more costl\' huildini^s, as a more or- 

 namental rooting- material. All of the red slate in th(.' cit\- 

 is from these slate cjuarries ol the: state. A little of the black 

 slate comes from Maine: and some from Marx'land. and the 

 Peach Bottom slate district of Penns\ l\ania. 



Street Pavements 



Sidewalks. — The older stone.- sidewalks of the clt\-are laid 

 with gneiss or mica slate. Much of the former was prohahK' 

 from Haddam. and the latter from I)olton. Connecticut." 

 Few such walks are now to l)e seen. 



The Hudson river blue-stone Is the leadiuL;" \"ariet\' in use. 

 both for curbing" and for |)aving the walks. It is brought 

 from the quarries of Ldster, .Sulllxan. ()rangeand l)elawarc 

 counties, and from the blue-stone territor\' of Penns\lvania. 

 near the Delaware river, and adjacent to New York. In 

 the older walks the ilatr-stones are small and thin and with 

 natural faces derived by splitting. The demand for better 

 work and stone to resist more and heavier wear has called 

 for much thicker flao--stones and of lar^-cr size, and true 

 surfaces, such as are given b\- planing. In man\' cases the 

 length of the stone is equal to the width ot the walk so that 

 it consists of a sinijle line of laroe dimension Hac^s. Exam- 

 pies of such stone are to be seen in front of the \'anderbilt 

 houses on Fifth avenue : on the lower part of P)roadwa\'. in 

 Wall street, In front of the lar^'e ofhce building's, and crener- 

 ally before larger and newer structiu'es. 



* Dr. Alexis A. Julien, Tenth Census of United States, Vol. x, p. 327. 



