534 N"Jt,'vV YORK STATE MUSEUM 



The ordinary celts are of the usual type found everywhere in the 

 Erie cultural area and in general throughout the Iroquoian. Most of 

 the specimens are equilateral, there being none of the adz, " flat- 

 bellied " or " turtle-backed " forms. The majority of celts were 

 found in graves although a few are from refuse pits. Three entire 

 celts and two broken celts were found in a " feast pit " previously 

 described [pit 80] . One small double edged or " bitted " celt is 

 shown in text figure 13 [also fig. 13, pi. 20], and came from 

 grave 92. 



A stone press. One of the most interesting objects of worked 

 stone found in the vicinity of Ripley is a stone press, probably 

 used for pressing the juice from small fruits. The bottom portion 

 is hollowed out and has a Y-shaped groove incised in the bottom. 

 The base of the Y runs out into a lip from which the liquid or juice 

 was designed to be poured. The upper portion fits exactly into the 

 lower. This utensil is from the collection of William A. Spears 

 which was purchased for the State Museum. The writer has never 

 seen a press of this kind before in any collection and the specimen 

 is probably unique [see pi. 21]. 



Stone tobacco pipes 



The stone pipes are perhaps the most interesting forms of polished 

 stone articles. Those discovered exhibit many interesting features. 



Two pipe bowls carved from sandstone are of interest [pi. 22, 

 fig- 2, 3]. Figure 2 is bell-shaped with notches cut around the edge 

 and a cross cut in the rounded bottom of the bowl. In Joseph D. 

 McGuire's American Aboriginal Pipes and Smoking Customs, con- 

 tained in the National Museum Report of 1897, page 428, figure 52, 

 is figured a pipe from Accotink, Va. very similar to this specimen. 

 Of these pipes Dr McGuire says : 



Among the bowl pipes of vaselike form they are found to vary 

 from those v^hich are as broad as they are long, specimens having 

 a hight four times as great as their diameter. This type is usually 

 made from steatite, or kindred stones, capable of resisting heat, 

 though, as with most American pipes, there are numerous excep- 

 tions to the rule. One in the Smithsonian collection, of gray sand- 

 stone was found in a cave on Tar river, Yancy co.. North Carolina, 

 and another found in a kitchen heap in Kanawha county, West 

 Virginia, which was made from a brown stone. Other specimens 

 are known of this tyne made from oartiallv decomposed limestone, 

 feldspar, and even fossil coral. The writer is informed by the 

 Rev. W. M. Beauchamp that this type is frequently encountered in 

 Onondaga county, New York. 



