LIME AND CEMENT INDUSTRIES 773 



ries, and the layers are often highly loaded with chert, but in 

 the large quarries of L. S. Goodrich & Son on Cottage street 

 the gray Onondaga member is quarried. The layers here are 

 free from chert, but the stone is a hard, dense fine grained rock, 

 which is used for building and also lime-making. It burns to a 

 lumpy but not very white lime, that of the best quality coming 

 from two layers each about 5 feet thick in the upper portion of 

 the quarry. 



The following analysis represents the run of the quarry 



Silica 13.5 



Alumina 3.7 



Ferric oxid . 1.5 



Lime carbonate 61 . 6(> 



Magnesium carbonate 19 . 44 



Insoluble 17 . 5 



Total 99.8 



The Lower Helderberg limestone also crosses the county in a 

 belt parallel to the Upper Helderberg. It is first exposed at 

 Union Springs on the hill about one and a half miles to the north 

 of the town, on the Lowery farm, where it underlies the Oriskany 

 sandstone. At this point the layers are very shaly, and the purer 

 ones would have to be sought farther toward the northern edge 

 of the outcropping beds of the formation. The width of the 

 belt is from two to three miles. So far as the writer is aware, it 

 is not quarried within the limits of the county. This may be 

 partly due to the fact that there is a heavy covering of drift in 

 many places that would easily tend to cover it up. 



At Montezuma the works of the Duryea Portland cement co. 

 were built to use the marl underlying Montezuma swamps, but, 

 since their destruction by fire several years ago, no attempts have 

 been made to revive the industry at that point. The Montezuma 

 marshes (pi. 30), underlie an extensive tract, and marl is said to 



